WARNING/DISCLAIMER

The Author/Blogger shall hold no liability for special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of or resulting from the use/misuse of the information in this Blog. It is strictly mentioned that these are all for learning and awareness purpose. Most of the articles are collected from various sources and many of them are blogger's own which meant for helping people who are interested in security system or beginners help for security systems and various IT purposes. Some of the articles are solely intended for IT Professionals and systems administrators with experience servicing computer. It is not intended for home users, hackers, or computer thieves attempting to crack PC. Please do not attempt any of these procedures if you are unfamiliar with computer hardware, software and please use this information responsibly. Binod Narayan Sethi is not responsible for the use or misuse of these material, including loss of data, damage to hardware or personal injury. Information can help you to catch hackers and crackers and other cyber criminals. Information can help you to detect and manipulate the evil motives of these anti social intellectual peoples. Good use of the information protect you from evils and misuse of the information make you evil/criminal. Author of this site will not be responsible for use of material for any illicit mean or illicit act done by anybody in any means.

Binod Narayan Sethi

Binod Narayan Sethi
Programming,Web Development & Graphic Designing are my Hobbies.

All About Hackers

Know about the Hacker and their types. How they impact on society. Freedom of knowledge is harmful or dangerious it all talk about a Hacker. Let explore it...

How to Hack Email Accounts

Wondering to know how to hack an email account? Well, before you can do that, you need to understand the real ways of hacking that actually work and also that are simply scam and do not work.

Legal aspects of computing

Legal aspects of computing are related to various areas of law. Cyberlaw is a term that encapsulates the legal issues related to use of communicative, transactional, and distributive aspects of networked information devices and technologies.

How to protect your email account from being hacked

Some of the most commonly used online scams which fool people and make them lose their passwords.The other commonly used method to steal password is by using a Key-logger. A Key-logger is nothing but a spyware.

TOP 5 HACKING TUTORIAL SITES

Hackers who find vulnerabilities to do nothing more than exploit them as much as humanly possible. Now that you know what sort of community you may be entering, let’s get on with the list of top sites where you can learn how to hack.

Thursday, August 25, 2011

Data Capacity of CDs [Tutorial]

Data Capacity of CDs [Tutorial]

Abstract
You can fit on a S/VCD without overburning:
- approx. 735 MB of MPEG data onto a 74min/650MB disc
- approx. 795 MB of MPEG data onto an 80min/700MB disc

You can fit on a CD-ROM without overburning:
- approx. 650 MB of data onto a 74min/650MB disc
- approx. 703 MB of data onto an 80min/700MB disc

Introduction
Let us ignore for now the terms of megabyte for CD capacity and try to understand how the data is stored on a CD.

As well all know, the data is stored digitally as binary data. This means, however the actual information is actually kept on the disc, this information is in the form of "1"s and "0"s. Physically, the information on a CD is as pits on a thin sheet of metal (aluminium).

An a CD-R disc, the data is physically on an organic dye layer which simulates the metal layer on a real pressed CD.

How is the information structured
Now, on the CD, the information isn't just organised from beginning to end willy-nilly. Otherwise, it would be really hard to find a useful piece of information on the CD.

Rather, the information is organised in sectors. Consider a sector as like a page in a book. Just like you are able to quickly find something in a book if you know the page number, you can quickly find something on a CD if you know the sector number.

Now, remember that the CD was original made to hold audio data. It was decided, that the CD would would 75 sectors per second of audio. Although I cannot guess where this number comes from, it is quite appropriate for the audio CD. It means that you can "seek" an audio CD accurately to 1/75th of a second -- which is more than enough for consumer purposes.

Now, with this in mind, we can work out the total data capacity of user data for 1 sector.

The total data capacity of user data of 1 sector on a CD
CD audio uses uncompressed PCM stereo audio, 16-bit resolution sampled at 44.1 kHz.

Thus 1 second of audio contains:
16 bits/channel * 2 channels * 44100 samples/second * 1 second
= 1411200 bits
= 176400 bytes

Since there are 75 sectors per second
1 sector
= 176400 bytes / 75
= 2352 bytes

One sector on a CD contains 2352 bytes max.

The concept of different MODES and FORMS of burning
Now, audio CD was well and good, but the medium would become much more useful if you could store other data on the disc as well. This became to be know as CD-ROM of course.

Now, the audio-CD uses the ENTIRE sector for audio data.

However, for CD-ROMs this caused a problem. Simply, CDs and the CD reading mechanisms were not 100% faultless. That is, errors (indeed frequent errors) could be made during the reading. For audio CDs, this does not matter as much as you could simply interpolate from the adjacent audio samples. This will obviously NOT DO for data CDs. A single bit error could lead to a program being unexecutable or ruin an achive file.

Thus, for CD-ROMs, part of each sector is devoted to error correction codes and error detection codes. The CD-R FAQ has the details, but in effect, only 2048 bytes out of a total of 2352 bytes in each sector is available for user data on a data CD.

This burning mode is either MODE1 or MODE2 Form1.

MODE2 Form2 sectors of VCDs and SVCDs
Now, for VCDs and SVCDs, the video tracks do not necessarily require the robust error correction as normal data on a CD-ROM. However, there is still some overhead per sector that is used for something other than video data (e.g., sync headers).

S/VCDs video tracks are burnt in what is called MODE2 Form2 sectors. In this mode, only 2324 bytes out of a total of 2352 bytes in each sector is available for user data.

This is MUCH MORE than for CD-ROMs, but still less per sector than audio CD.

The disc capacities of CD-ROMs, audio-CDs and VCDs
Now, obviously what ultimately determines the capacity of a disc is the total number of sectors it contains. This is similar to the total number of pages in a blank exercise book (if you recall the book analogy).

The secondary determinant is the burning mode of the disc.

For audio CDs, it is as if you could fill each page from top to bottom with audio data as the entire sector is used for audio data.

For CD-ROMs, it is as if you need to first rule a margin and then leave the bottom part of each page for footnotes (headers + ECC + EDC). The amount of text you can actually write per page is then less due to these other constraints.

For S/VCDs, we still need to rule a margin on the page, but we don't have to worry about the footnotes (headers). We can fit MORE text than a CD-ROM, but less than an audio-CD.

Now remember, 1 second on a CD = 75 sectors.

Thus:
- 74 min CD = 333,000 sectors
- 80 min CD = 360,000 sectors


Data capacity in Mb for an audio-CD
74 min
= 333,000 sectors * 2352 bytes / sector
= 783216000 bytes
= 746.9 Mb

80 min
= 360,000 sectors * 2352 bytes / sector
= 846720000 bytes
= 807.5 Mb

Data capacity in Mb for a CD-ROM
74 min
= 333,000 sectors * 2048 bytes / sector
= 681984000 bytes
= 650.4 Mb

80 min
= 360,000 sectors * 2048 bytes / sector
= 737280000 bytes
= 703.1 Mb

Data capacity in Mb for a S/VCD
74 min
= 333,000 sectors * 2324 bytes / sector
= 773892000 bytes
= 738.0 Mb

80 min
= 360,000 sectors * 2324 bytes / sector
= 836640000 bytes
= 797.9 Mb

Conclusions
As you can see, the often quoted capacities of 650MB and 700MB refer to CD-ROM capacities.

Due to the fact that S/VCDs use a different burning mode where MORE of each sector is available as user data, the relatively capacities are HIGHER.

Now, since S/VCDs are not composed of PURELY video tracks and have some unavoidable overheads, the actually total capacity left for video tracks is a few Mb less for each disc (about 735 Mb for 74min discs and 795 Mb for 80min discs). This is where the often quoted capacities of 740MB and 800MB come from. They are quite accurate.

All these capacities are available BEFORE overburning. Overburning is where you burn MORE sectors than the disc is rated for. If you overburn, you can typically achieve about 1-2 minutes of additional capacity (depending on your drive and media).

Wednesday, August 24, 2011

Release Codes, Read, and Learn...

0-Day - Release of the same day;
0-Sec - Instant release;
AC3 - Audio Coding 3, audio codec, usually 5.1 audio channels;
AFFiLS - Websites affiliated to the groups, where they put the releases;
ANiME - Release of a anime movie;
ASF - Advanced Streaming Format, audio/video compression codec based in MPEG-4;
CE - Classical Edition, of a original movie;
CLSC - Classical release;
COLOUR EDiTiON - Release of a movie with edit in color level;
COURiER - Dumper/racer of a groups, has the job of distribute the releases through websites;
CUT/CUTED - Partial release of a movie;
DC - Director's Cute, release of a movie with selections of the director's;
DSYNCH - Not synchronized;
DiRFiX - Fix of a release name;
DiVX - Division X, compression video codec;
DOWNSAMPLED - Manipulation of the video/audio format because of low bitrates;
DUBBED - Movie with double language (original one or other);
DUMP - Release transfer;
DUMPER - Who makes the dumps;
DUPE - Doubled release;
DVDR - Release format fot a complete DVD or Downsampled;
DVDRiP - Rip which source is the original DVD;
DVDSCR/DVDSCREENER - Rip which source is a pre-release DVD.
FiX - Correction for something;
FS - Full screen, resolution 4:3;
FTP - File Transfer Protocol, way of transfer files;
FXP - File eXchange Protocol, way of share data through FTP;
GRP.RQT - Group Request, request of a new release because some other is nuked;
iNT, iNTERNAL - Internal release group, doesn't count for release races;
LDRiP - Rip which source is a laser disc;
LiMiTED - Release of a limited movie (in some theaters);
NTSC - National Television System Committe, video stream system of South America and east Asia;
NUKED - Bad release, release with problems;
PAL - Phase Altering Line, stream video system of Europe;
PROPER - Good release, substitutes a nuked release;
PROMO - Promotional;
REPACK - Repacked released;
RETAiL - Rip which source is a commercial DVD;
SRT - Sequense Real Time, text subtitles format;
SUB - Text subtitles format;
SYNCFiX - Synchronization fix;
TS - Theather screener, movie recorded in theathers;
VCD - Video Compact Disc, distibution of MPEG content;
VCDRiP - Rip which source is a VCD;
VHSRiP - Rip which source is a VHS
WS - Wide Screen, resolution 16:9
XViD - Video compression codec based in MPEG-4
XXX - Porn release;

Remote Shutdown

XP PRO has a lot of fun utilities. One of the most useful ones I have found to date is the ability to remotely reboot a PC. There are 2 ways of doing this. You will need to have admin access to the PC to preform these actions. That being said, here is the first way to do it:

Right click my computer, choose manage.
Highlight the Computer Management (Local) then click on Action, choose connect to another computer. In the window that opens fill in the machine name of the PC you want to connect to and click ok. Once connected right click on Computer Management (Remote machine name) and choose properties. Go to the "Advanced" tab and click the Settings button under Start up and recovery. Click on the Shutdown button. Under action choose what you want to do (you can log off current user, shut down, restart, or power down. you can also choose if you want to force all applications to close, close hung apps, or wait for all apps to close by themselves).

The second way... Remember dos... that good old thing. Open up a command prompt and enter in the following:

%windir%\System32\shutdown.exe -r -m \\Machinename. The command prompt has more switches and options. I highly suggest using shutdown.exe /? to see all the posibilities.

Remove Linux From Your Pc Safely and restore your MBR

First of all you need to know where your Linux OS is installed to. that is what drive it is currently living on. Bear in mind that Linux formats the drive as HFS rather than Fat/Fat32 or NTFS. ( These are the file systems used by various Operating Systems).

So HFS Partitions are not seen by windows, so its hidden.
To remove the partitions of Linux in WindowsXP go to your 'Control panel' > Admistrative Tools > Computer Managment

Open 'Disk Management' and you will see your Linux drives recognised as 'Unknown Partition' plus the status of the drive. Bearing in mind you know what partition and disk you installed to it will be easier to recognize as the drive/partition where you had installed it to.

Once you have identified the drives, 'right-Click' on the drive/partition and select 'Delete Logical Drive'

Once you have followed this through, you will now have free space.

This next part is very important. Once you have formatted the drive, re format it as your required file system type. either Fat32 or NTFS. Now the important part is coming up !

Fixing your Master Boot Record to make Windows Bootable again.

Have a Windows Boot disk with all the basic DOS Commands loaded on to the disk. A standard Windows 98/Me Boot Disk will work too.

Type in the DOS command :

e.g, from your C:\

fdisk /mbr

Or use your Windows XP run the recovery console, pick which xp install you would like to boot in to (usually you will pick #1)

then type: fixmbr. Answer Y to the dialoge.

Your master boot record will now be restored and Windows XP will be bootable once again. Your System will be restored with your original boot loader that you got with Windows XP.

Rename 'recycle Bin' To Whatever You Want!

1. Start, Run, 'Regedit'.
2. Press 'Ctrl'+'F' to open find box and type 'Recycle Bin' to search.
3. Change any value data with 'Recycle Bin' to whatever name you want to give it ( ie, like 'Trash Can' or 'Dump' etc).
4. Press F3 to continue searching for 'Recycle Bin' and change wherever you come across 'Recycle Bin' to new its new name.
5. Repeat step 4 until you have finished with searching and changed all values to its new name.
6. Close regedit and hit F5 on desktop to see the new name on screen.

Note: As a good practice, always backup your registry before changing anything although changing 'Recycle Bin' name is a simple tweak and doesnt affect anything else.

Reregister All .dll Files Within Registry

I ran across this the other day on another site and I thought that a couple people might find it helpful, so here we go:

1) First go Start/Run, and type in 'cmd' to bring up the Command Prompt.

2) Type 'CD \' and hit enter.

3) Type 'DIR *.dll /s /b > regdll.bat' and hit enter.

4) Type 'Notepad regdll.bat' and hit enter.

Now Notepad is going to bring up a list of your .dll files, nevermind that for a moment.

---

5) Now type 'Path' and hit enter to see your current path. It will bring up something like: Path=c:\Windows;c:\windows\Command

6) (supplement your Windows Version, ex: C:\WINNT, or C:\Windows) Now type: 'Path=c:\windows;c:\windows\Command;c:\Windows\Prog
ram~\Accessories' and hit enter.

7) Verify again by typing 'Path' and hitting enter, and then type: 'C:\WINNT\System32\Regsvr32.exe /s C:\' and hit enter again.

8) Now, go back to Notepad and if you have Win98 use the replace feature in Wordpad (CTRL + H) or notepad to search for 'C:\' and replace it with this: 'C:\Windows\System\Regsvr32.exe /s C:\'

If you have Win2000, etc. use the replace command in note pad to search for 'C:\' and replace it with this: 'C:\WINNT\System32\Regsvr32.exe /s C:\'

*Be sure to type the replace string exactly like above or it won't work*

9) Use "Replace All" to make the changes to the entire file.

10) When it finishes, save it, exit notepad or wordpad, and return to the Command Prompt.

11) Type 'regdll' and press enter. If you followed the above steps correctly it will now go through and re-register all your .dll files.

Restore JPG,JPEG,JPE Default File associations, Win XP Tweak

 JPG,JPEG,JPE File associations fixes

This reg file will restore the default file associations.

1. Copy the following (everything in the box) into notepdad.

QUOTE
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpe]
"PerceivedType"="image"
@="jpegfile"
"Content Type"="image/jpeg"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpe\OpenWithProgids]
"jpegfile"=hex(0):

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpe\PersistentHandler]
@="{098f2470-bae0-11cd-b579-08002b30bfeb}"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpeg]
"PerceivedType"="image"
@="jpegfile"
"Content Type"="image/jpeg"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpeg\jpegfile]

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpeg\jpegfile\ShellNew]

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpeg\OpenWithProgids]
"jpegfile"=hex(0):

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpeg\PersistentHandler]
@="{098f2470-bae0-11cd-b579-08002b30bfeb}"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpg]
"PerceivedType"="image"
@="jpegfile"
"Content Type"="image/jpeg"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpg\jpegfile]

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpg\jpegfile\ShellNew]

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.jpg\OpenWithProgids]
"jpegfile"=hex(0):

2. Save the file as xp_jpg_jpe_jpeg_file_assoc_fix.reg
3. Double click the file to import into your registry.

NOTE: If your anti-virus software warns you of a "malicious" script, this is normal if you have "Script Safe" or similar technology enabled.

Running Vanishing Console Programs With A Click!,

Ever had a console program that opens a console window, executes, and vanishes in an instant? Just so that running console programs becomes easier for you, here's tips ONLY FOR WINDOWS XP.
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\exefile\shell\runcmd]
@="Run at Console"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\exefile\shell\runcmd\command]
@="cmd /k \"echo Executing (Press Ctrl+C to end program)...&&\"%L\"&&pause&&exit\""

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\batfile\shell\runcmd]
@="Run at Console"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\batfile\shell\runcmd\command]
@="cmd /k \"echo Executing batch script...&&\"%L\"&&pause&&exit\""

Put that in a file called run_at_console.reg and double click on the file. Click Merge. Then try right-clicking on any console program. You should see a new option called Run at Console. That will cause console programs to run and pause for you to press a key before exiting. Good luck!

PS. And for those who don't know how to copy text from a Command Window, right click on the Window, and then click Mark. Mark (select) the area that you want to copy and press Enter. Data copied. Now go paste it somewhere.

Safely Editing the Registry.

Windows XP has a vast number of configuration dialogs, but some adjustments can be performed only by directly editing the Registry. Frequently, tips involving Registry tweaks include stern warnings to back up the Registry before making any change. The Windows XP Backup applet can back up the Registry along with other elements of the System State, but the resulting data file can occupy hundreds of megabytes. You're better off saving a system restore point each time you're about to edit the Registry. Better still, you can use Regedit to back up only the Registry keys that will be changed.

Click on Start | Run and enter Regedit to launch the Registry editor. To back up an individual key you plan to edit, navigate to the key and right-click on it. Choose Export from the menu, and save the key to a REG file. Open the REG file in Notepad and insert a few comment lines that describe the source and purpose of the tweak. (To create a comment line, simply put a semicolon at the start of the line.)

Now go ahead and make all the changes to Registry keys and values specified by the tip you're applying. Any time you add a new key or value, make a note of it with another comment line in the REG file. When you're done, save the REG file and close Notepad.

If later you want to undo this Registry tweak, just double-click on the REG file and confirm that you want to add it to the Registry. This will restore any deleted keys or values and will restore the original data for any values whose data was changed. Note that this will not remove new keys or values that were added; that's why you need to make comments about such changes.

Right-click on the REG file and choose Edit, which will open it in Notepad. Check for comments about keys or values that were added, and if you find any, use Regedit to delete them. You can delete the REG file itself once you've completed this process.

Make Google as your default search engine in IE by registry tweak.

Make Google as your default search engine in IE by registry tweak.
Copy everything in the box below into NOTEPAD

CODE:

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main]
"Search Page"="http://www.google.com"
"Search Bar"="http://www.google.com/ie"

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\SearchURL]
""="http://www.google.com/keyword/%s"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Search]
"SearchAssistant"="http://www.google.com/ie"

1. Save the file as Google.reg
2. Double click to import to your registry.
3. You can replace with any search engine

Set Win Explorer to open the folder you want!, Little trick

"Windows Explorer" always opening up with My Documents?
You can customize it by changing the properties for the "Windows Explorer" icon and replacing the Target field with:  %SystemRoot%\explorer.exe /n, /e, c:\yourfolder

sick of inserting winxp cd every time your pc asks, Change Default Location of i386 Folder

Occasionally when attempting to install something, you are asked to insert the windows xp cd, and sometimes you’re just too lazy to get up and go get it, or it's not available to you at the moment. Well here’s something that'll solve that problem...

1. Insert your windows xp cd
2. Click on, “Perform Additional Tasks”
3. Now click on, “Browse this CD”
4. Look for the I386 folder, right-click on the folder and copy.
5. Go into, “My Computer”
6. Right click on you C: drive and paste.

How can I change the default location of the i386 folder?
After installing Windows 2000 or XP, if you ever need to add a component to it (like DHCP etc.) it always asks you for the CD, even if you copy the i386 files to your local drive. Can I fix this?

Yes you sure can.

1. Open the registry editor and go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Setup

2. Highlight the Setup folder.
3. On the right pane, locate the SourcePath.
4. Double-click the SourcePath and replace the drive letter in the box to C:\ (if you copied the files to your C:\ drive). Make sure it's C:\ and not C:\i386.
5. Close the registry editor.
6. If the system ever needs files from the i386 folder, it will automatically look in the C:\i386 folder.

You can also do the trick with Windows 2000 and XP Professional client computers that were installed from a shared folder on your network, but do not copy the i386 folder to the local drive of each computer. Instead, copy the i386 folder to a share located on a network server. Edit the registry for the Windows 2000 or XP Pro machines and make it point to the UNC path of the network server.

Also, if you installed from a RIS server, keep the RIS server running. Your system is smart enough to grab the files from the RIS server when it needs extra files.

This tip works for service packs too. You'll notice at the registry string from step #1 that it says service packsourcepath. Extract the SP from the command prompt to a folder on your hard drive using the w2ksp# -x switch, make the path in the registry where you put the files, and you won't have to go fishing for service pack disks again.

Well folks, from now on you should never be asked for that cd again…

Simple Tweaks for Peak PC Graphics Performance

Simple Tweaks for Peak PC Graphics Performance. Adjust the settings for your graphics board and display to improve image quality.

When it comes to your PC, looks definitely matter. Tiny text, blurry images, and flickering screens aren't just annoying, they can lead to eyestrain, lost productivity, and a bill from the glazier for replacing the window you toss your monitor through out of frustration. But you don't have to give your display the heave-ho: A few simple adjustments to your graphics card and other Windows settings can ensure peak visual performance.

Your PC's graphics card is controlled by its Windows driver, so get the latest driver release for your board. To see what version you have, right-click the desktop and choose Properties to open the Display Properties dialog box, then click Settings, Advanced, Adapter (in Windows XP, also select Properties, Driver).

Visit your graphics-card vendor's Web site to download the most recent version of the driver, but don't install beta drivers. These are works in progress that may cause more trouble than they're worth.

Sight-Saving Settings

Here are a few settings that should be available for all graphics drivers.

Resolution: This is the number of dots--or pixels (short for "picture elements")--displayed on your screen. The higher the resolution, the more dots per inch, and the sharper the displayed image (if your monitor supports the higher resolution). High resolutions increase the processing demands on your graphics board and PC.

The graphics cards in most computers made in the last three or four years support resolutions of at least 1024 by 768--meaning the screen image is composed of an orthogonal array 1024 pixels across and 768 pixels tall--and some support screen resolutions as high as 1600 by 1200. However, many older systems, as well as some newer budget systems, have a top resolution of only 800 by 600.

To adjust screen resolution, open Display Properties and click Settings. Slide the 'Screen area' or 'Screen resolution' bar to a higher (More) or lower (Less) resolution. Though higher resolutions improve image quality, they also shrink icons, text, and other on-screen objects. Experiment to find the setting that's right for you. For most people, 1024 by 768 is the highest resolution they can read easily on a 17-inch CRT monitor.

Color depth: This setting is the number of colors that your graphics card supports. The more colors available for use, the more realistic the image, but again, the more colors on your screen, the greater the processing demands on your system.

Your graphics card's color-depth settings are listed in Display Properties under the Settings tab on the Colors drop-down menu ('Color quality' in Windows XP). Each is named for the number of bits it assigns to each pixel: True Color (also called 24-bit color) makes 16,777,216 colors available, while High Color (16 bits) supports 65,536 colors. At lower than 16-bit color, your images may suffer. Many drivers no longer offer 8-bit (256 colors) or 15-bit (32,536 colors) settings.

New PCs often support 32-bit color, which offers the same 16 million-plus colors as True Color. The extra 8 bits control image opacity. This is useful in fast-moving 3D games but of little help in most business apps.

Refresh rate: Expressed in hertz, or cycles per second, this tells how often the phosphors that glow to create an image on a CRT screen are reenergized--that is, the times per second that the screen's image is redrawn. A refresh rate that's too low can cause annoying screen flicker. Even if you don't see the flicker, slow refreshes can cause eyestrain and headaches.

Conventional wisdom says your refresh rate should be no less than 72 Hz. Some experts say the minimum rate is 80 Hz. Try different refresh rates until you find the one that works for you. Note that if your refresh rate is too high, you could lose image opacity. Still, few of us can discern rates higher than 85 Hz.

To adjust your screen's refresh rate in Windows XP, open Display Properties and click Settings, Advanced, Adapter, List All Modes. Pick a combination of refresh rate, screen resolution, and color depth from the list of supported values.

To change your refresh rate in other versions of Windows, open Display Properties and then click Settings, Advanced, Adapter. Select an option from the 'Refresh rate' drop-down menu. If you see no options there, however, your graphics board and monitor don't support multiple refresh rates.

Even in that case, you might be able to increase your display's refresh rate by decreasing your screen resolution or your color depth. All three specs compete for graphics-processing capacity, so if your graphics system is running at its maximum, try increasing one setting and lowering another. For example, reducing color depth from 32-bit to 16-bit--no big deal if you never look at photos--may free up enough processing power to let you bump your refresh rate from an annoying 60 Hz to an eye-pleasing 72 Hz. Or you may be able to increase resolution from 800 by 600 to 1024 by 768. There's no guarantee, but these tricks might work.

Windows automatically sets your screen refresh rate to a safe but slow 60 Hz when it can't detect your monitor. To confirm that Windows XP correctly recognizes your monitor, open Display Properties and click Settings, Advanced, Monitor. If your monitor isn't listed under 'Monitor type', download and install the device's driver from the manufacturer's Web site.

In other versions of Windows, verify that Plug and Play is enabled. Make sure your monitor is listed under 'Display' on the Settings tab in Display Properties, and then click Advanced, Monitor. Verify that Automatically detect Plug & Play monitors is checked. If it isn't, select it and then reset your refresh rate to a level that is higher than Windows' default 60 Hz.

DirectX: This Windows component controls multimedia functions. To check your current DirectX version, click Start, Run, type dxdiag, and click OK. Choose the System tab and look under System Information on the lower part of the screen. DirectX 9 is the latest version; if you don't have it, download it from Microsoft.
Touch Those Dials!

You can improve the image quality of your monitor via its built-in controls. The options vary by display manufacturer and model, but you should find brightness and other controls on most monitors.

Adjust brightness and contrast: Use this gray-scale image on your screen. Be sure you can see as many of the image's 17 shades as possible; the two or three darkest may be tough to view in a bright room.

Center and align: Few monitors come straight from the factory with optimal screen geometry. Use your monitor's screen-placement controls to center your displayed image, keep its edges straight, and minimize unfilled screen space.

To avoid eyestrain and other physical problems, put the top of the screen at eye level and at arm's length from your head (your best position may vary). Orient your screen to avoid glare from lights and windows. If that's not possible, get a glare filter such as Kensington's $34 GlareMaster.

Clean it: Gently wipe your screen with a soft, lightly moistened cloth. Unless the monitor is really filthy, avoid cleaning solutions, which can damage delicate screen coatings. Clean the dust from the cooling vents in the monitor's case; overheating is your display's lethal enemy.

Graphics Triage

If your screen goes blank, the problem is likely due to a disconnected monitor cable, an unplugged power cord, or a too-low brightness setting. Monitors do die, however. If you smell something burning or hear popping sounds, your monitor could be failing--turn it off immediately. Monitors have been known to spontaneously combust.

Corrupted graphics drivers cause all kinds of PC problems. To check for a damaged graphics driver, install the plain-vanilla VGA driver that comes with Windows. If your troubles disappear, reinstall a clean copy of the monitor's original driver, or an updated version.

Some graphics boards don't work or play well with other hardware devices. Windows allows you to disable graphics-acceleration functions for the sake of compatibility. Open Display Properties and click Settings, Advanced, Troubleshooting in Windows XP and 2000, or Settings, Advanced, Performance in Windows 98 and Me. Move the slider under 'Hardware acceleration' to the left to disable your graphics acceleration.

A shaking or shimmering image on your screen may be due to nearby magnetic fields. Keep clocks and other appliances that use electric motors, and those that use a lot of electricity (such as microwave ovens), far from your monitor. Power lines behind walls can cause interference, so try moving the display away from nearby walls.

If your screen image is washed in blue, red, or green, check for a loose cable connecting your graphics board to your monitor. Look for bent pins inside the cable connector; you can often straighten them with needle-nose pliers. If on-screen objects have a rainbow cast, some monitors have convergence controls that you can use to tune the image.

Living in a Flat World

Notebook displays are fine-tuned in the factory to work with the system's other hardware; your desktop's flat panel likely isn't. And tuning an LCD isn't the same as tuning a CRT monitor. If both your LCD and graphics board support Digital Visual Interface connections, make sure they're using them. Vendors don't always ship a DVI cable with cards that produce both analog and digital signals, so you'll have to replace the analog cable. If your display supports DVI but your graphics card doesn't, upgrade your card.

Make sure your LCD is set to its native resolution. Many flat-panel displays don't look good at other resolutions. Unfortunately, some 15-inch LCDs have a native resolution of 1024 by 768 dpi, which makes text minuscule. The solution is to open Display Properties, click Appearance, and change the setting on the 'Font size' drop-down menu to increase the size of your text. (Most browsers include their own font-size settings.)

In Windows XP, open Display Properties, click Appearance, Effects, and check Use the following method to smooth screen fonts. Select ClearType to see a big improvement in the appearance of many of your fonts.

Single Click Shutdown

Did you know that in Windows XP you can shut down your computer from the (eventually DOS prompt) command line box? Moreover, you can do this by clicking your mouse only once.

All you need to do is... right-click on an empty Desktop spot -> select New -> Shortcut -> type shutdown followed by a space, and then enter one or more of the parameters listed below -> click Next -> type a suggestive name for your new shortcut -> finally, click Finish.

This is the Shutdown.exe (located in %systemroot%\System32, usually C:\Windows\System32) syntax:
shutdown [-i|-l|-s|-r|-a] [-f] [-m \\computername] [-t xx] [-c "Text"] [-d[u][p]:xx:yy]
Valid command line switches:

-a = Abort system shutdown in progress ONLY IF the -t xx timeout option was already set to ANY value other than 0. ALL switches except -l and -m are ignored during abort.

-c "Text" = Text comment (case insensitive) to be displayed in the Message area of the System Shutdown window. MUST be enclosed between quotes. Maximum allowed 127 ASCII characters.

-d [u][p]:xx:yy = Reason code for shutdown:
u = User code.
p = Planned shutdown code.
xx = Major reason code. Positive integer number less than 256.
yy = Minor reason code. Positive integer number less than 65536.

-f = Force running applications to close without warning.

-i = Display the shutdown interface (GUI). MUST be the first option!

-l = Log off the current user of the local computer (default action). Can NOT be used with the -m option unless the current user has Sysadmin rights, in which case the -m switch takes precedence.

-m \\computername = Remote/network computer name (most always case sensitive) to log off/restart/shut down. Current user MUST have Sysadmin rights to be allowed to use this switch!

-s = Shut down the local computer.

-r = Shut down and restart (reboot) the local computer.

-t xx = Set shutdown timer to timeout for xx seconds. IF NOT specified defaults to 20 seconds. Allowed values between 0 and 99 seconds. The -a switch is the ONLY one that CAN be used during the timeout period.

NOTES:
The dash (-) in front of these switches can be replaced by a forward slash (/).
Spaces are NOT required to separate the shutdown command from ANY following switches, but ARE required to separate ANY switch from its following parameter(s), if any.
 
For example:

shutdown -s -c "Shutting down!" -t 3
tells your computer to shutdown after waiting for 3 seconds while the System Shutdown window will display text above in the Message area.
Optional: after you're done creating your customized shortcut for shutdown -> right-click on it -> select Properties -> enter your desired key "combo" in the Shortcut Key box (e.g. Ctrl + Alt + End) -> click OK/Apply.
From now on just left-click on your shutdown shortcut or hit that key combination to turn off/restart/log off your computer.

Single-click to open an item

"Single-click to open an item" IF the Folder Options is grayed out...
When you open Folder Options, the entry Single-click to open an item (point to select) is dimmed. This happens if classic shell is enforced. The option Show Common tasks in folders will also grayed out. This may be a network policy setting. If your system is in a Domain, the best option is to contact your network admin. For standalone PCs, try the setting given below.
RESOLUTION
Open Registry Editor (Regedit.exe) and navigate to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
Backup the registry (export the branch) before modifying the values. Read this document for more information
In the right-pane, set ClassicShell to 0. Restart for the changes to take effect. The "Single click" folder option should now be restored.
If the problem persist and if you are using Windows XP Professional Edition, load the Group Policy Editor (GPEDIT.MSC) and go to:
User Configuration | Windows components | Windows Explorer
Double-click the entry "Turn on classic shell" and set it to "Not Configured

Try with Google!

A few things you might want to try with Google
link:url Shows other pages with links to that url.
related:url same as "what's related" on serps.
site:domain restricts search results to the given domain.
allinurl: shows only pages with all terms in the url.
inurl: like allinurl, but only for the next query word.
allintitle: shows only results with terms in title.
intitle: similar to allintitle, but only for the next word. "intitle:webmasterworld google" finds only pages with webmasterworld in the title, and google anywhere on the page.
cache:url will show the Google version of the passed url.
info:url will show a page containing links to related searches, backlinks, and pages containing the url. This is the same as typing the url into the search box.
spell: will spell check your query and search for it.
stocks: will lookup the search query in a stock index.
filetype: will restrict searches to that filetype. "-filetype:doc" to remove Microsoft word files.
daterange: is supported in Julian date format only. 2452384 is an example of a Julian date.
maps: If you enter a street address, a link to Yahoo Maps and to MapBlast will be presented.
phone: enter anything that looks like a phone number to have a name and address displayed. Same is true for something that looks like an address (include a name and zip code)
site:www.somesite.net "+www.somesite.+net"
(tells you how many pages of your site are indexed by google)
allintext: searches only within text of pages, but not in the links or page title
allinlinks: searches only within links, not text or title

Mozilla Firefox, Speed it up!

Speed up Mozilla FireFox
1. Type "about:config" in the adress field.
2. Set the value of network.http.pipelining to "true".
3. Set the value of network.http.pipelining.maxrequests to "100".
4. Set the value of network.http.proxy.pipelining to "true"
5. Set the value of nglayout.initialpaint.delay to "0" (not availible in newer versions)

Speeding up menus in Windows

Go to Start --> Run --> Regedit
Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop
Locate the key called "MenuShowDelay" and it is probably set to 400.
Change that value to 150
Reboot your computer.
You should notice a slight increase in the speed of your menus

Standard ASCII Character Set

Standard ASCII Character Set
The first 32 values (0 through 31) are codes for things like carriage return and line feed. The space character is the 33rd value, followed by punctuation, digits, uppercase characters and lowercase characters.

  0   NUL
  1   SOH
  2   STX
  3   ETX
  4   EOT
  5   ENQ
  6   ACK
  7   BEL
  8   BS
  9   TAB
 10   LF
 11   VT
 12   FF
 13   CR
 14   SO
 15   SI
 16   DLE
 17   DC1
 18   DC2
 19   DC3
 20   DC4
 21   NAK
 22   SYN
 23   ETB
 24   CAN
 25   EM
 26   SUB
 27   ESC
 28   FS
 29   GS
 30   RS
 31   US
 32
 33   !
 34   "
 35   #
 36   $
 37   %
 38   &
 39   '
 40   (
 41   )
 42   *
 43   +
 44   ,
 45   -
 46   .
 47   /
 48   0
 49   1
 50   2
 51   3
 52   4
 53   5
 54   6
 55   7
 56   8
 57   9
 58   :
 59   ;
 60   <
 61   =
 62   >
 63   ?
 64   @
 65   A
 66   B
 67   C
 68   D
 69   E
 70   F
 71   G
 72   H
 73   I
 74   J
 75   K
 76   L
 77   M
 78   N
 79   O
 80   P
 81   Q
 82   R
 83   S
 84   T
 85   U
 86   V
 87   W
 88   X
 89   Y
 90   Z
 91   [
 92   \
 93   ]
 94   ^
 95   _
 96   `
 97   a
 98   b
 99   c
100   d
101   e
102   f
103   g
104   h
105   i
106   j
107   k
108   l
109   m
110   n
111   o
112   p
113   q
114   r
115   s
116   t
117   u
118   v
119   w
120   x
121   y
122   z
123   {
124   |
125   }
126   ~
127   DEL

Name Abbr.

  
Size
Kilo: K
2^10 = 1,024

Mega: M
2^20 = 1,048,576

Giga: G
2^30 = 1,073,741,824   

Tera: T
2^40 = 1,099,511,627,776  

Peta: P
2^50 = 1,125,899,906,842,624

Exa: E
2^60 = 1,152,921,504,606,846,976

Zetta: Z
2^70 = 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424   

Yotta: Y   
2^80 = 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176

Stop Annoying Pop-ups Without Pop-up Blockers

Did you ever go to warez/cracks sites (which we all know is BAD!) only to be bombarded with 10 windows opening up at a time, with porn, spam etc?

There is an easy way to block about 90-95% of this sh!t, without using any pop-up stopping programs (I hate installing that garbage!).

This is for Internet Explorer  but I'm sure that it can work with other browsers if you take the time to fiddle around.

Here's how you do it...

1) Go to TOOLS and then INTERNET OPTIONS.

2) Click the SECURITY tab, move the slider up to HIGH and click APPLY.

This applies the highest security settings to IE, which blocks EVERYTHING, including JavaScript, Applets, and so on that pop-ups are based upon.

The catch is this... Some places like online banks and other web sites need these functions to work properly... So you'll need to re-enable one important thing...

1) Go to TOOLS and then INTERNET OPTIONS.

2) Click the SECURITY tab, CUSTOM LEVEL, scroll down to SCRIPTING, and under ACTIVE SCRIPTING, select the ENABLE radio button.

3) Click APPLY and you're pretty much done!

Note: This does NOT completely remove pop-ups and other annoyances, but it sure helps ALOT, without having to trash your computer with pop-up blockers

System File Checker For Windows Xp

Scans and verifies the versions of all protected system files after you restart your computer. Syntax

sfc [/scannow] [/scanonce] [/scanboot] [/revert] [/purgecache] [/cachesize=x]

Parameters
/scannow
Scans all protected system files immediately.
/scanonce
Scans all protected system files once.
/scanboot
Scans all protected system files every time the computer is restarted.
/revert
Returns the scan to its default operation.
/purgecache
Purges the Windows File Protection file cache and scans all protected system files immediately.
/cachesize=x
Sets the size, in MB, of the Windows File Protection file cache.
/?
Displays help at the command prompt.

Remarks

* You must be logged on as a member of the Administrators group to run sfc.
* If sfc discovers that a protected file has been overwritten, it retrieves the correct version of the file from the %systemroot%\system32\dllcache folder, and then replaces the incorrect file.
* If the %systemroot%\system32\dllcache folder becomes corrupt or unusable, use sfc /scannow, sfc /scanonce, or sfc /scanboot to repair the contents of the Dllcache directory.

Formatting legend
Format Meaning
Italic Information that the user must supply
Bold Elements that the user must type exactly as shown
Ellipsis (...) Parameter that can be repeated several times in a command line
Between brackets ([]) Optional items
Between braces ({}); choices separated by pipe (|). Example: {even|odd} Set of choices from which the user must choose only one
Courier font Code or program output
Windows File Protection
Using File Signature Verification
Driver Signing for Windows
Command-line reference A-Z
Please note that this Command Line reference is to varify the integrity of the WindowsXP DLL's that were shipped with Windows XP. It will try to repair damaged DLL's by prompting for the Windows CD.

The Windows XP System File Protection which remains active in the background monitors these DLL's and if it detects an altered DLL will alert a user with a popup message asking for the Windows XP CD. This is so that it can revert the corrupt DLL back to its original state.

SFC checker in Windows XP can only be ran by an Administrator and is not ran in the same way as its previous incarnation from the Windows 98 OS.

The difference between DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD+RW and DVD-RW

The difference between DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD+RW and DVD-RW explained

There's DVD+R, DVD+RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW, and even DVD-ROM! So what's the difference between all of these different names, aren't all DVDs the same? Well, it's not quite that simple.

Let's first start with the most obvious difference: some have R and some have RW. The "R" stands for readable, while the "W" stands for writeable.

The main difference between DVD-R and DVD-RW, or DVD+R and DVD+RW is that the R disc formats can only be written to once, and then it is only readable and can’t be erased for the rest of its digital life. While RW discs are can be written to and erased many times, they are both readable and writeable.

"R" discs are perfect if they are only needed to be written to once, such as giving some files to a friend or transferring them between PCs. "RW" discs have their strength in the ability to be used many times over, which is great for routine system backups, etc. And naturally, the RW discs are slightly more expensive than the R discs, but you'll have to decide if the trade offs are worth the money.

Now, onto the difference between DVD-R and DVD+R. As I just described above, DVD-R & DVD-RW are sister discs, the difference being one is writeable once, while the other is writeable multiple times. The same thing is true for DVD+R & DVD+RW. So the question is, what's the difference between the plus and minus?

In order to explain this we must take a trip back in time. When DVDs were first being developed, there was no industry standard. Multiple companies were competing to develop what they hoped would be the dominant form of the future.

The DVD-R DVD+R difference can easily be summarized by the following:

    * The DVD-R/RW standard was developed by Pioneer, and is used primarily by Apple and Pioneer. These "minus" discs can only be written to in one layer on the discs surface. In addition, this format is supported by the DVD forum, but is in no way an industry standard. DVD-R/RW discs are cheaper than the "plus" format.
    * The DVD+R/RW format is supported by Philips, Dell, Sony, HP, and Mcft. These discs can be written to in multiple layers, giving them slightly better and more disc storage than the "minus" format. Because of this additional capacity, they are slightly more expensive than "minus" discs.

A couple final things to clear up is the difference between DVD-ROM and DVD+RW, or the other DVD formats I mentioned above. The DVD-ROM drive can only read DVDs, while the other DVD drives can read and write data to DVDs.

And naturally the DVD+RW CD+RW difference can be explained by the "DVD" or "CD" prefix. DVDs, on average, can store up to 4.7 GB of data, while a CD can only store about 700 MB of data, or about 15% of a DVD's capacity. While CDs are slightly cheaper, in my opinion, the benefits of DVDs are much greater.

So now that you've learned about the difference between DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and even DVD-ROM, which one is right for you? The easiest way to determine which is more beneficial is to watch the industry trends. A few years ago all pre-built computers were shipping with DVD-ROM drives. Today, most PCs have a burnable DVD drive.

I feel that the benefits of having a burnable DVD drive far outweigh any additional costs. They store much more data, and they are ideal for storing your home movies to watch on your DVD player.

My advice is to look at DVD burners that support all of the major formats I've mentioned above, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, and DVD+RW. While a DVD drive that supports all of these formats may be slightly more expensive, it will allow you to use any type of DVD disc to burn to, and you'll be protected from any industry shifts to one format or the other.

The Port Guide, Port number and info

If you feel your computer is acting strangly or you connection is slow just go to Start>Run>Type cmd>then type netstat -an and if you see a dangerous IP according to the guide below then you computer is infected or being hacked.

Guide:
port 0 REx
port 1 (UDP) - Sockets des Troie
port 2 Death
port 5 yoyo
port 11 Skun
port 16 Skun
port 17 Skun
port 18 Skun
port 19 Skun
port 20 Amanda

port 21 ADM worm, Back Construction, Blade Runner, BlueFire, Bmail, Cattivik FTP Server, CC Invader, Dark FTP, Doly Trojan, FreddyK, Invisible FTP, KWM, MscanWorm, NerTe, NokNok, Pinochet, Ramen, Reverse Trojan, RTB 666, The Flu, WinCrash, Voyager Alpha Force

port 22 InCommand, Shaft, Skun
p
ort 23 ADM worm, Aphex's Remote Packet Sniffer , AutoSpY, ButtMan, Fire HacKer, My Very Own trojan, Pest, RTB 666, Tiny Telnet Server - TTS, Truva Atl

port 25 Antigen, Barok, BSE, Email Password Sender , Gip, Laocoon, Magic Horse, MBT , Moscow Email trojan, Nimda, Shtirlitz, Stukach, Tapiras, WinPC

port 27 Assasin
port 28 Amanda
port 30 Agent 40421
port 31 Agent 40421, Masters Paradise, Skun
port 37 ADM worm
port 39 SubSARI
port 41 Deep Throat , Foreplay
port 44 Arctic
port 51 f**k Lamers Backdoor
port 52 MuSka52, Skun
port 53 ADM worm, li0n, MscanWorm, MuSka52
port 54 MuSka52
port 66 AL-Bareki
port 69 BackGate Kit, Nimda, Pasana, Storm, Storm worm, Theef
port 69 (UDP) - Pasana
port 70 ADM worm
port 79 ADM worm, Firehotcker

port 80 711 trojan (Seven Eleven), AckCmd, BlueFire, Cafeini, Duddie, Executor, God Message, Intruzzo , Latinus, Lithium, MscanWorm, NerTe, Nimda, Noob, Optix Lite, Optix Pro , Power, Ramen, Remote Shell , Reverse WWW Tunnel Backdoor , RingZero, RTB 666, Scalper, Screen Cutter , Seeker, Slapper, Web Server CT , WebDownloader

port 80 (UDP) - Penrox
port 81 Asylum
port 101 Skun
port 102 Delf, Skun
port 103 Skun
port 105 NerTe
port 107 Skun
port 109 ADM worm
port 110 ADM worm
port 111 ADM worm, MscanWorm
port 113 ADM worm, Alicia, Cyn, DataSpy Network X, Dosh, Gibbon, Taskman
port 120 Skun
port 121 Attack Bot, God Message, JammerKillah
port 123 Net Controller
port 137 Chode, Nimda
port 137 (UDP) - Bugbear, Msinit, Opaserv, Qaz
port 138 Chode, Nimda
port 139 Chode, Fire HacKer, Msinit, Nimda, Opaserv, Qaz
port 143 ADM worm
port 146 Infector
port 146 (UDP) - Infector
port 166 NokNok
port 170 A-trojan
port 171 A-trojan
port 200 CyberSpy
port 201 One Windows Trojan
port 202 One Windows Trojan, Skun
port 211 One Windows Trojan
port 212 One Windows Trojan
port 221 Snape
port 222 NeuroticKat, Snape
port 230 Skun
port 231 Skun
port 232 Skun
port 285 Delf
port 299 One Windows Trojan
port 334 Backage
port 335 Nautical
port 370 NeuroticKat
port 400 Argentino
port 401 One Windows Trojan
port 402 One Windows Trojan
port 411 Backage
port 420 Breach
port 443 Slapper
port 445 Nimda
port 455 Fatal Connections
port 511 T0rn Rootkit
port 513 ADM worm
port 514 ADM worm
port 515 MscanWorm, Ramen
port 520 (UDP) - A UDP backdoor
port 555 711 trojan (Seven Eleven), Phase Zero, Phase-0
port 564 Oracle
port 589 Assasin
port 600 SweetHeart
port 623 RTB 666
port 635 ADM worm
port 650 Assasin
port 661 NokNok

port 666 Attack FTP, Back Construction, BLA trojan, NokNok, Reverse Trojan, Shadow Phyre, Unicorn, yoyo

port 667 NokNok, SniperNet
port 668 Unicorn
port 669 DP trojan , SniperNet
port 680 RTB 666
port 692 GayOL
port 700 REx
port 777 Undetected
port 798 Oracle
port 808 WinHole
port 831 NeuroticKat
port 901 Net-Devil, Pest
port 902 Net-Devil, Pest
port 903 Net-Devil
port 911 Dark Shadow, Dark Shadow
port 956 Crat Pro
port 991 Snape
port 992 Snape
port 999 Deep Throat , Foreplay
port 1000 Der Späher / Der Spaeher, Direct Connection, GOTHIC Intruder , Theef

port 1001 Der Späher / Der Spaeher, GOTHIC Intruder , Lula, One Windows Trojan, Theef

port 1005 Pest, Theef
port 1008 AutoSpY, li0n
port 1010 Doly Trojan
port 1011 Doly Trojan
port 1012 Doly Trojan
port 1015 Doly Trojan
port 1016 Doly Trojan
port 1020 Vampire

port 1024 Latinus, Lithium, NetSpy, Ptakks

port 1025 AcidkoR, BDDT, DataSpy Network X, Fraggle Rock , KiLo, MuSka52, NetSpy, Optix Pro , Paltalk, Ptakks, Real 2000, Remote Anything, Remote Explorer Y2K, Remote Storm, RemoteNC

port 1025 (UDP) - KiLo, Optix Pro , Ptakks, Real 2000, Remote Anything, Remote Explorer Y2K, Remote Storm, Yajing

port 1026 BDDT, Dark IRC, DataSpy Network X, Delta Remote Access , Dosh, Duddie, IRC Contact, Remote Explorer 2000, RUX The TIc.K

port 1026 (UDP) - Remote Explorer 2000
port 1027 Clandestine, DataSpy Network X, KiLo, UandMe
port 1028 DataSpy Network X, Dosh, Gibbon, KiLo, KWM, Litmus, Paltalk, SubSARI
port 1028 (UDP) - KiLo, SubSARI
port 1029 Clandestine, KWM, Litmus, SubSARI
port 1029 (UDP) - SubSARI
port 1030 Gibbon, KWM
port 1031 KWM, Little Witch, Xanadu, Xot
port 1031 (UDP) - Xot
port 1032 Akosch4, Dosh, KWM
port 1032 (UDP) - Akosch4
port 1033 Dosh, KWM, Little Witch, Net Advance
port 1034 KWM
port 1035 Dosh, KWM, RemoteNC, Truva Atl
port 1036 KWM
port 1037 Arctic , Dosh, KWM, MoSucker
port 1039 Dosh
port 1041 Dosh, RemoteNC
port 1042 BLA trojan
port 1042 (UDP) - BLA trojan
port 1043 Dosh
port 1044 Ptakks
port 1044 (UDP) - Ptakks
port 1047 RemoteNC
port 1049 Delf, The Hobbit Daemon
port 1052 Fire HacKer, Slapper, The Hobbit Daemon
port 1053 The Thief
port 1054 AckCmd, RemoteNC
port 1080 SubSeven 2.2, WinHole
port 1081 WinHole
port 1082 WinHole
port 1083 WinHole
port 1092 Hvl RAT
port 1095 Blood Fest Evolution, Hvl RAT, Remote Administration Tool - RAT
port 1097 Blood Fest Evolution, Hvl RAT, Remote Administration Tool - RAT
port 1098 Blood Fest Evolution, Hvl RAT, Remote Administration Tool - RAT
port 1099 Blood Fest Evolution, Hvl RAT, Remote Administration Tool - RAT
port 1104 (UDP) - RexxRave
port 1111 Daodan, Ultors Trojan
port 1111 (UDP) - Daodan
port 1115 Lurker, Protoss
port 1116 Lurker
port 1116 (UDP) - Lurker
port 1122 Last 2000, Singularity
port 1122 (UDP) - Last 2000, Singularity
port 1133 SweetHeart
port 1150 Orion
port 1151 Orion
port 1160 BlackRat
port 1166 CrazzyNet
port 1167 CrazzyNet
port 1170 Psyber Stream Server , Voice
port 1180 Unin68
port 1183 Cyn, SweetHeart
port 1183 (UDP) - Cyn, SweetHeart
port 1200 (UDP) - NoBackO
port 1201 (UDP) - NoBackO
port 1207 SoftWAR
port 1208 Infector
port 1212 Kaos
port 1215 Force
port 1218 Force
port 1219 Force
port 1221 f**k Lamers Backdoor
port 1222 f**k Lamers Backdoor
port 1234 KiLo, Ultors Trojan
port 1243 BackDoor-G, SubSeven , Tiles
port 1245 VooDoo Doll
port 1255 Scarab
port 1256 Project nEXT, RexxRave
port 1272 The Matrix
port 1313 NETrojan
port 1314 Daodan
port 1349 BO dll
port 1369 SubSeven 2.2
port 1386 Dagger
port 1415 Last 2000, Singularity
port 1433 Voyager Alpha Force
port 1441 Remote Storm
port 1492 FTP99CMP
port 1524 Trinoo
port 1560 Big Gluck, Duddie
port 1561 (UDP) - MuSka52
port 1600 Direct Connection
port 1601 Direct Connection
port 1602 Direct Connection
port 1703 Exploiter
port 1711 yoyo
port 1772 NetControle
port 1772 (UDP) - NetControle
port 1777 Scarab
port 1826 Glacier
port 1833 TCC
port 1834 TCC
port 1835 TCC
port 1836 TCC
port 1837 TCC
port 1905 Delta Remote Access
port 1911 Arctic
port 1966 Fake FTP
port 1967 For Your Eyes Only , WM FTP Server
port 1978 (UDP) - Slapper
port 1981 Bowl, Shockrave
port 1983 Q-taz
port 1984 Intruzzo , Q-taz
port 1985 Black Diver, Q-taz
port 1985 (UDP) - Black Diver
port 1986 Akosch4
port 1991 PitFall
port 1999 Back Door, SubSeven , TransScout

port 2000 A-trojan, Der Späher / Der Spaeher, Fear, Force, GOTHIC Intruder , Last 2000, Real 2000, Remote Explorer 2000, Remote Explorer Y2K, Senna Spy Trojan Generator, Singularity

port 2000 (UDP) - GOTHIC Intruder , Real 2000, Remote Explorer 2000, Remote Explorer Y2K

port 2001 Der Späher / Der Spaeher, Duddie, Glacier, Protoss, Senna Spy Trojan Generator, Singularity, Trojan Cow

port 2001 (UDP) - Scalper
port 2002 Duddie, Senna Spy Trojan Generator, Sensive
port 2002 (UDP) - Slapper
port 2004 Duddie
port 2005 Duddie
port 2023 Ripper Pro
port 2060 Protoss
port 2080 WinHole
port 2101 SweetHeart
port 2115 Bugs
port 2130 (UDP) - Mini BackLash
port 2140 The Invasor
port 2140 (UDP) - Deep Throat , Foreplay , The Invasor
port 2149 Deep Throat
port 2150 R0xr4t
port 2156 Oracle
port 2222 SweetHeart, Way
port 2222 (UDP) - SweetHeart, Way
port 2281 Nautical
port 2283 Hvl RAT
port 2300 Storm
port 2311 Studio 54
port 2330 IRC Contact
port 2331 IRC Contact
port 2332 IRC Contact, Silent Spy
port 2333 IRC Contact
port 2334 IRC Contact, Power
port 2335 IRC Contact
port 2336 IRC Contact
port 2337 IRC Contact, The Hobbit Daemon
port 2338 IRC Contact
port 2339 IRC Contact, Voice Spy
port 2339 (UDP) - Voice Spy
port 2343 Asylum
port 2345 Doly Trojan
port 2407 yoyo
port 2418 Intruzzo
port 2555 li0n, T0rn Rootkit
port 2565 Striker trojan
port 2583 WinCrash
port 2589 Dagger
port 2600 Digital RootBeer
port 2702 Black Diver
port 2702 (UDP) - Black Diver
port 2772 SubSeven
port 2773 SubSeven , SubSeven 2.1 Gold
port 2774 SubSeven , SubSeven 2.1 Gold
port 2800 Theef
port 2929 Konik
port 2983 Breach
port 2989 (UDP) - Remote Administration Tool - RAT
port 3000 InetSpy, Remote Shut, Theef
port 3006 Clandestine
port 3024 WinCrash
port 3031 MicroSpy
port 3119 Delta Remote Access
port 3128 Reverse WWW Tunnel Backdoor , RingZero
port 3129 Masters Paradise
port 3131 SubSARI
port 3150 Deep Throat , The Invasor, The Invasor
port 3150 (UDP) - Deep Throat , Foreplay , Mini BackLash
port 3215 XHX
port 3215 (UDP) - XHX
port 3292 Xposure
port 3295 Xposure
port 3333 Daodan
port 3333 (UDP) - Daodan
port 3410 Optix Pro
port 3417 Xposure
port 3418 Xposure
port 3456 Fear, Force, Terror trojan
port 3459 Eclipse 2000, Sanctuary
port 3505 AutoSpY
port 3700 Portal of Doom
port 3721 Whirlpool
port 3723 Mantis
port 3777 PsychWard
port 3791 Total Solar Eclypse
port 3800 Total Solar Eclypse
port 3801 Total Solar Eclypse
port 3945 Delta Remote Access
port 3996 Remote Anything
port 3996 (UDP) - Remote Anything
port 3997 Remote Anything
port 3999 Remote Anything
port 4000 Remote Anything, SkyDance
port 4092 WinCrash
port 4128 RedShad
port 4128 (UDP) - RedShad
port 4156 (UDP) - Slapper
port 4201 War trojan
port 4210 Netkey
port 4211 Netkey
port 4225 Silent Spy
port 4242 Virtual Hacking Machine - VHM
port 4315 Power
port 4321 BoBo
port 4414 AL-Bareki
port 4442 Oracle
port 4444 CrackDown, Oracle, Prosiak, Swift Remote
port 4445 Oracle
port 4447 Oracle
port 4449 Oracle
port 4451 Oracle
port 4488 Event Horizon
port 4567 File Nail
port 4653 Cero
port 4666 Mneah
port 4700 Theef
port 4836 Power
port 5000 Back Door Setup, Bubbel, Ra1d, Sockets des Troie
port 5001 Back Door Setup, Sockets des Troie
port 5002 Shaft
port 5005 Aladino
port 5011 Peanut Brittle
port 5025 WM Remote KeyLogger
port 5031 Net Metropolitan
port 5032 Net Metropolitan
port 5050 R0xr4t
port 5135 Bmail
port 5150 Pizza
port 5151 Optix Lite
port 5152 Laphex
port 5155 Oracle
port 5221 NOSecure
port 5250 Pizza
port 5321 Firehotcker
port 5333 Backage
port 5350 Pizza
port 5377 Iani
port 5400 Back Construction, Blade Runner, Digital Spy
port 5401 Back Construction, Blade Runner, Digital Spy , Mneah
port 5402 Back Construction, Blade Runner, Digital Spy , Mneah
port 5418 DarkSky
port 5419 DarkSky
port 5419 (UDP) - DarkSky
port 5430 Net Advance
port 5450 Pizza
port 5503 Remote Shell
port 5534 The Flu
port 5550 Pizza
port 5555 Daodan, NoXcape
port 5555 (UDP) - Daodan
port 5556 BO Facil
port 5557 BO Facil
port 5569 Robo-Hack
port 5650 Pizza
port 5669 SpArTa
port 5679 Nautical
port 5695 Assasin
port 5696 Assasin
port 5697 Assasin
port 5742 WinCrash
port 5802 Y3K RAT
port 5873 SubSeven 2.2
port 5880 Y3K RAT
port 5882 Y3K RAT
port 5882 (UDP) - Y3K RAT
port 5888 Y3K RAT
port 5888 (UDP) - Y3K RAT
port 5889 Y3K RAT
port 5933 NOSecure
port 6000 Aladino, NetBus , The Thing
port 6006 Bad Blood
port 6267 DarkSky
port 6400 The Thing
port 6521 Oracle
port 6526 Glacier
port 6556 AutoSpY
port 6661 Weia-Meia
port 6666 AL-Bareki, KiLo, SpArTa
port 6666 (UDP) - KiLo

port 6667 Acropolis, BlackRat, Dark FTP, Dark IRC, DataSpy Network X, Gunsan, InCommand, Kaitex, KiLo, Laocoon, Net-Devil, Reverse Trojan, ScheduleAgent, SlackBot, SubSeven , Subseven 2.1.4 DefCon 8, Trinity, Y3K RAT, yoyo

port 6667 (UDP) - KiLo
port 6669 Host Control, Vampire, Voyager Alpha Force
port 6670 BackWeb Server, Deep Throat , Foreplay , WinNuke eXtreame
port 6697 Force

port 6711 BackDoor-G, Duddie, KiLo, Little Witch, Netkey, Spadeace, SubSARI, SubSeven , SweetHeart, UandMe, Way, VP Killer

port 6712 Funny trojan, KiLo, Spadeace, SubSeven
port 6713 KiLo, SubSeven
port 6714 KiLo
port 6715 KiLo
port 6718 KiLo
port 6723 Mstream
port 6766 KiLo
port 6766 (UDP) - KiLo
port 6767 KiLo, Pasana, UandMe
port 6767 (UDP) - KiLo, UandMe
port 6771 Deep Throat , Foreplay
port 6776 2000 Cracks, BackDoor-G, SubSeven , VP Killer
port 6838 (UDP) - Mstream
port 6891 Force
port 6912 Shit Heep

port 6969 2000 Cracks, BlitzNet, Dark IRC, GateCrasher, Kid Terror, Laphex, Net Controller, SpArTa, Vagr Nocker

port 6970 GateCrasher
port 7000 Aladino, Gunsan, Remote Grab, SubSeven , SubSeven 2.1 Gold, Theef
port 7001 Freak88, Freak2k
port 7007 Silent Spy
port 7020 Basic Hell
port 7030 Basic Hell
port 7119 Massaker
port 7215 SubSeven , SubSeven 2.1 Gold
port 7274 AutoSpY
port 7290 NOSecure
port 7291 NOSecure
port 7300 NetSpy
port 7301 NetSpy
port 7306 NetSpy
port 7307 NetSpy, Remote Process Monitor
port 7308 NetSpy, X Spy
port 7312 Yajing
port 7410 Phoenix II
port 7424 Host Control
port 7424 (UDP) - Host Control
port 7597 Qaz
port 7626 Glacier
port 7648 XHX
port 7673 Neoturk
port 7676 Neoturk
port 7677 Neoturk
port 7718 Glacier
port 7722 KiLo
port 7777 God Message
port 7788 Last 2000, Last 2000, Singularity
port 7788 (UDP) - Singularity
port 7789 Back Door Setup
port 7800 Paltalk
port 7826 Oblivion
port 7850 Paltalk
port 7878 Paltalk
port 7879 Paltalk
port 7979 Vagr Nocker
port 7983 (UDP) - Mstream
port 8011 Way
port 8012 Ptakks
port 8012 (UDP) - Ptakks
port 8080 Reverse WWW Tunnel Backdoor , RingZero, Screen Cutter
port 8090 Aphex's Remote Packet Sniffer
port 8090 (UDP) - Aphex's Remote Packet Sniffer
port 8097 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 8100 Back streets
port 8110 DLP
port 8111 DLP
port 8127 9_119, Chonker
port 8127 (UDP) - 9_119, Chonker
port 8130 9_119, Chonker, DLP
port 8131 DLP
port 8301 DLP
port 8302 DLP
port 8311 SweetHeart
port 8322 DLP
port 8329 DLP
port 8488 (UDP) - KiLo
port 8489 KiLo
port 8489 (UDP) - KiLo
port 8685 Unin68
port 8732 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 8734 AutoSpY
port 8787 Back Orifice 2000
port 8811 Fear
port 8812 FraggleRock Lite
port 8821 Alicia
port 8848 Whirlpool
port 8864 Whirlpool
port 8888 Dark IRC
port 9000 Netministrator
port 9090 Aphex's Remote Packet Sniffer
port 9117 Massaker
port 9148 Nautical
port 9301 DLP
port 9325 (UDP) - Mstream
port 9329 DLP
port 9400 InCommand
port 9401 InCommand
port 9536 Lula
port 9561 Crat Pro
port 9563 Crat Pro
port 9870 Remote Computer Control Center
port 9872 Portal of Doom
port 9873 Portal of Doom
port 9874 Portal of Doom
port 9875 Portal of Doom
port 9876 Rux
port 9877 Small Big Brother
port 9878 Small Big Brother, TransScout
port 9879 Small Big Brother
port 9919 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 9999 BlitzNet, Oracle, Spadeace
port 10000 Oracle, TCP Door, XHX
port 10000 (UDP) - XHX
port 10001 DTr, Lula
port 10002 Lula
port 10003 Lula
port 10008 li0n
port 10012 Amanda
port 10013 Amanda
port 10067 Portal of Doom
port 10067 (UDP) - Portal of Doom
port 10084 Syphillis
port 10084 (UDP) - Syphillis
port 10085 Syphillis
port 10086 Syphillis
port 10100 Control Total, GiFt trojan, Scalper
port 10100 (UDP) - Slapper
port 10167 Portal of Doom
port 10167 (UDP) - Portal of Doom
port 10498 (UDP) - Mstream
port 10520 Acid Shivers
port 10528 Host Control
port 10607 Coma
port 10666 (UDP) - Ambush
port 10887 BDDT
port 10889 BDDT
port 11000 DataRape, Senna Spy Trojan Generator
port 11011 Amanda
port 11050 Host Control
port 11051 Host Control
port 11111 Breach
port 11223 Progenic trojan, Secret Agent
port 11225 Cyn
port 11225 (UDP) - Cyn
port 11660 Back streets
port 11718 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 11831 DarkFace, DataRape, Latinus, Pest, Vagr Nocker
port 11977 Cool Remote Control
port 11978 Cool Remote Control
port 11980 Cool Remote Control
port 12000 Reverse Trojan
port 12310 PreCursor
port 12321 Protoss
port 12321 (UDP) - Protoss
port 12345 Ashley, BlueIce 2000, Mypic , NetBus , Pie Bill Gates, Q-taz , Sensive, Snape, Vagr Nocker, ValvNet , Whack Job
port 12345 (UDP) - BlueIce 2000
port 12346 NetBus
port 12348 BioNet
port 12349 BioNet, The Saint
port 12361 Whack-a-mole
port 12362 Whack-a-mole
port 12363 Whack-a-mole
port 12623 ButtMan
port 12623 (UDP) - ButtMan, DUN Control
port 12624 ButtMan, Power
port 12631 Whack Job
port 12684 Power
port 12754 Mstream
port 12904 Rocks
port 13000 Senna Spy Trojan Generator, Senna Spy Trojan Generator
port 13013 PsychWard
port 13014 PsychWard
port 13028 Back streets
port 13079 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 13370 SpArTa
port 13371 Optix Pro
port 13500 Theef
port 13753 Anal FTP
port 14194 CyberSpy
port 14285 Laocoon
port 14286 Laocoon
port 14287 Laocoon
port 14500 PC Invader
port 14501 PC Invader
port 14502 PC Invader
port 14503 PC Invader
port 15000 In Route to the Hell, R0xr4t
port 15092 Host Control
port 15104 Mstream
port 15206 KiLo
port 15207 KiLo
port 15210 (UDP) - UDP remote shell backdoor server
port 15382 SubZero
port 15432 Cyn
port 15485 KiLo
port 15486 KiLo
port 15486 (UDP) - KiLo
port 15500 In Route to the Hell
port 15512 Iani
port 15551 In Route to the Hell
port 15695 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 15845 (UDP) - KiLo
port 15852 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 16057 MoonPie
port 16484 MoSucker
port 16514 KiLo
port 16514 (UDP) - KiLo
port 16515 KiLo
port 16515 (UDP) - KiLo
port 16523 Back streets
port 16660 Stacheldraht
port 16712 KiLo
port 16761 Kryptonic Ghost Command Pro
port 16959 SubSeven , Subseven 2.1.4 DefCon 8
port 17166 Mosaic
port 17449 Kid Terror
port 17499 CrazzyNet
port 17500 CrazzyNet
port 17569 Infector
port 17593 AudioDoor
port 17777 Nephron
port 18753 (UDP) - Shaft
port 19191 BlueFire
port 19216 BackGate Kit
port 20000 Millenium, PSYcho Files, XHX
port 20001 Insect, Millenium, PSYcho Files
port 20002 AcidkoR, PSYcho Files
port 20005 MoSucker
port 20023 VP Killer
port 20034 NetBus 2.0 Pro, NetBus 2.0 Pro Hidden, Whack Job
port 20331 BLA trojan
port 20432 Shaft
port 20433 (UDP) - Shaft
port 21212 Sensive
port 21544 GirlFriend, Kid Terror
port 21554 Exploiter, FreddyK, Kid Terror, Schwindler, Sensive, Winsp00fer
port 21579 Breach
port 21957 Latinus
port 22115 Cyn
port 22222 Donald Dick, G.R.O.B., Prosiak, Ruler, RUX The TIc.K
port 22223 RUX The TIc.K
port 22456 Clandestine
port 22554 Schwindler
port 22783 Intruzzo
port 22784 Intruzzo
port 22785 Intruzzo
port 23000 Storm worm
port 23001 Storm worm
port 23005 NetTrash, Oxon
port 23006 NetTrash, Oxon
port 23023 Logged
port 23032 Amanda
port 23321 Konik
port 23432 Asylum
port 23456 Clandestine, Evil FTP, Vagr Nocker, Whack Job
port 23476 Donald Dick
port 23476 (UDP) - Donald Dick
port 23477 Donald Dick
port 23777 InetSpy
port 24000 Infector
port 24289 Latinus
port 25002 MOTD
port 25002 (UDP) - MOTD
port 25123 Goy'Z TroJan
port 25555 FreddyK
port 25685 MoonPie
port 25686 DarkFace, MoonPie
port 25799 FreddyK
port 25885 MOTD
port 25982 DarkFace, MoonPie
port 26274 (UDP) - Delta Source
port 26681 Voice Spy
port 27160 MoonPie
port 27184 Alvgus trojan 2000
port 27184 (UDP) - Alvgus trojan 2000
port 27373 Charge
port 27374 Bad Blood, Fake SubSeven, li0n, Ramen, Seeker, SubSeven , SubSeven 2.1 Gold, Subseven 2.1.4 DefCon 8, SubSeven 2.2, SubSeven Muie, The Saint
port 27379 Optix Lite
port 27444 (UDP) - Trinoo
port 27573 SubSeven
port 27665 Trinoo
port 28218 Oracle
port 28431 Hack´a´Tack
port 28678 Exploiter
port 29104 NETrojan, NetTrojan
port 29292 BackGate Kit
port 29559 AntiLamer BackDoor , DarkFace, DataRape, Ducktoy, Latinus, Pest, Vagr Nocker
port 29589 KiLo
port 29589 (UDP) - KiLo
port 29891 The Unexplained
port 29999 AntiLamer BackDoor
port 30000 DataRape, Infector
port 30001 Err0r32
port 30005 Litmus
port 30100 NetSphere
port 30101 NetSphere
port 30102 NetSphere
port 30103 NetSphere
port 30103 (UDP) - NetSphere
port 30133 NetSphere
port 30303 Sockets des Troie
port 30331 MuSka52
port 30464 Slapper
port 30700 Mantis
port 30947 Intruse
port 31320 Little Witch
port 31320 (UDP) - Little Witch
port 31335 Trinoo
port 31336 Butt Funnel
port 31337 ADM worm, Back Fire, Back Orifice (Lm), Back Orifice russian, BlitzNet, BO client, BO Facil, BO2, Freak88, Freak2k, NoBackO
port 31337 (UDP) - Back Orifice, Deep BO
port 31338 Back Orifice, Butt Funnel, NetSpy (DK)
port 31338 (UDP) - Deep BO, NetSpy (DK)
port 31339 Little Witch, NetSpy (DK), NetSpy (DK)
port 31339 (UDP) - Little Witch
port 31340 Little Witch
port 31340 (UDP) - Little Witch
port 31382 Lithium
port 31415 Lithium
port 31416 Lithium
port 31416 (UDP) - Lithium
port 31557 Xanadu
port 31745 BuschTrommel
port 31785 Hack´a´Tack
port 31787 Hack´a´Tack
port 31788 Hack´a´Tack
port 31789 Hack´a´Tack
port 31789 (UDP) - Hack´a´Tack
port 31790 Hack´a´Tack
port 31791 Hack´a´Tack
port 31791 (UDP) - Hack´a´Tack
port 31792 Hack´a´Tack
port 31887 BDDT
port 32000 BDDT
port 32001 Donald Dick
port 32100 Peanut Brittle, Project nEXT
port 32418 Acid Battery
port 32791 Acropolis, Rocks
port 33270 Trinity
port 33333 Prosiak
port 33545 G.R.O.B.
port 33567 li0n, T0rn Rootkit
port 33568 li0n, T0rn Rootkit
port 33577 Son of PsychWard
port 33777 Son of PsychWard
port 33911 Spirit 2000, Spirit 2001
port 34312 Delf
port 34313 Delf
port 34324 Big Gluck
port 34343 Osiris
port 34444 Donald Dick
port 34555 (UDP) - Trinoo (for Windows)
port 35000 Infector
port 35555 (UDP) - Trinoo (for Windows)
port 35600 SubSARI
port 36794 Bugbear
port 37237 Mantis
port 37651 Charge
port 38741 CyberSpy
port 38742 CyberSpy
port 40071 Ducktoy
port 40308 SubSARI
port 40412 The Spy
port 40421 Agent 40421, Masters Paradise
port 40422 Masters Paradise
port 40423 Masters Paradise
port 40425 Masters Paradise
port 40426 Masters Paradise
port 41337 Storm
port 41666 Remote Boot Tool , Remote Boot Tool
port 43720 (UDP) - KiLo
port 44014 Iani
port 44014 (UDP) - Iani
port 44444 Prosiak
port 44575 Exploiter
port 44767 School Bus
port 44767 (UDP) - School Bus
port 45092 BackGate Kit
port 45454 Osiris
port 45632 Little Witch
port 45673 Acropolis, Rocks
port 46666 Taskman
port 46666 (UDP) - Taskman
port 47017 T0rn Rootkit
port 47262 (UDP) - Delta Source
port 47698 KiLo
port 47785 KiLo
port 47785 (UDP) - KiLo
port 47891 AntiLamer BackDoor
port 48004 Fraggle Rock
port 48006 Fraggle Rock
port 48512 Arctic
port 49000 Fraggle Rock
port 49683 Fenster
port 49683 (UDP) - Fenster
port 49698 (UDP) - KiLo
port 50000 SubSARI
port 50021 Optix Pro
port 50130 Enterprise
port 50505 Sockets des Troie
port 50551 R0xr4t
port 50552 R0xr4t
port 50766 Schwindler
port 50829 KiLo
port 50829 (UDP) - KiLo
port 51234 Cyn
port 51966 Cafeini
port 52365 Way
port 52901 (UDP) - Omega
port 53001 Remote Windows Shutdown - RWS
port 54283 SubSeven , SubSeven 2.1 Gold
port 54320 Back Orifice 2000
port 54321 Back Orifice 2000, School Bus , yoyo
port 55165 File Manager trojan, File Manager trojan
port 55555 Shadow Phyre
port 55665 Latinus, Pinochet
port 55666 Latinus, Pinochet
port 56565 Osiris
port 57163 BlackRat
port 57341 NetRaider
port 57785 G.R.O.B.
port 58134 Charge
port 58339 Butt Funnel
port 59211 Ducktoy
port 60000 Deep Throat , Foreplay , Sockets des Troie
port 60001 Trinity
port 60008 li0n, T0rn Rootkit
port 60068 The Thing
port 60411 Connection
port 60551 R0xr4t
port 60552 R0xr4t
port 60666 Basic Hell
port 61115 Protoss
port 61337 Nota
port 61348 Bunker-Hill
port 61440 Orion
port 61603 Bunker-Hill
port 61746 KiLo
port 61746 (UDP) - KiLo
port 61747 KiLo
port 61747 (UDP) - KiLo
port 61748 (UDP) - KiLo
port 61979 Cool Remote Control
port 62011 Ducktoy
port 63485 Bunker-Hill
port 64101 Taskman
port 65000 Devil, Sockets des Troie, Stacheldraht
port 65289 yoyo
port 65421 Alicia
port 65422 Alicia
port 65432 The Traitor (= th3tr41t0r)
port 65432 (UDP) - The Traitor (= th3tr41t0r)
port 65530 Windows Mite
port 65535 RC1 trojan

Please observe that the ports 34555 and 35555 concerns the Windows version of Trinoo, not the Sun version.

Some Tips And Tricks For Your Windows XP

Some Tips And Tricks For Your Windows XP

STOP NOISE IN COPYING AUDIO CD
When using 3rd party burning software (eg, Nero Burning Rom) to copy audio CD,some noise may be heard at the end of each track. To prevent this,try the following method:
1. Enter System Properties\device manager
2. Select IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers
3. Double click on thee CD writer IDE channel
4. Select advance setting
5. Change the transfer mode to 'PIO Only'
6. Restart Computer

DISABLING THE 'UNSIGNED DRIVER' DIALOGS
This option wll disable the screen wich keeps popping up when you try to install 'digitally unsigned drivers'. Normally you can choose to continue the install anyways, but I have had situations where you cannot continue the install.. very annoying.. This is how to fix it:
Click Start - Run
then type: gpedit.msc
then hit enter.
Browse the folder tree to the following location:
User Configuration - Administrative Templates - System
now right-click Code signing for Device drivers and select Properties.
On the Settings tab, either select
- enable, and then select ignore from the appearing listbox..
- or click the disable option. Click apply and Ok and your set!
Alternatively especially for XP Home users:
Open "System" properties (Windows key + pause or Right click 'My Computer' - properties or Control Panel - System).On the Hardware tab click the "Driver Signing" button. In the dialogue that comes up choose "Ignore" to install the new driver anyway.

DMA MODE ON IDE DEVICES VIEWS
Just like Windows 2000, Windows XP still fails to set the DMA mode correctly for the IDE device designated as the slaves on the primary IDE and secondary IDE channels. Most CD-ROMS are capable of supporting DMA mode, but the default in XP is still PIO. Setting it to DMA won't make your CD-ROM faster, but it will consume less CPU cycles. Here's how:
1. Open the Device Manager. One way to do that is to right click on "My Computer", select the Hardware tab, and Select Device Manager.
2. Expand "IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers" and double-click on "Primary IDE Channel"
3. Under the "Advanced Settings" tab, check the "Device 1" setting. More than likely, your current transfer mode is set to PIO.
4. Set it to "DMA if available".
Repeat the step for the "Secondary IDE Channel" if you have devices attached to it. Reboot.

RESTORING MEDIA PLAYER
To restore Windows Media Player insert the the XP CD into the CD drive (if it autostarts click exit). Open a command window and type the following :
rundll32.exe setupapi,InstallHinfSection InstallWMP7 132 c:\windows\inf\wmp.inf

RESTORING ACCESS TO CD ROM'S
If you removed CD Burning software, or for some other mystical reason, can not longer access your CD ROM's, in most cases following registry keys needs to be deleted: Locate and delete the UpperFilters and LowerFilters values under the following key in the registry:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\{4D36E965-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}

DELETING THE INDEX.DAT
Del "C:\Documents and Settings\aeon\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\index.dat"

CONTROL PANEL ON THE DESKTOP.
On The Desktop, Right Click Your Mouse Then Choose "New | Folder". Name The Folder As "ControlPanel. {21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}" Without The "Quote Things. And Now You Can Access The Control Panel More Faster Then Before.

CHANGING INTERNET EXPLORER ICON NAME.
Open Registry Editor Then Go To : "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\CLSID". You Can See A Few Key Below It.

Now Go To This Key {871C5380-42A0-1069-A2EA-08002B30309D}, Double Click At The Default Value On The Right, Enter Whatever Name You Like.

REMOVING USERNAME IN THE STARTMENU
Open Registry Editor Then Go To : "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer".
On The Right, Make A New Entry With Right Click On Your Mouse Then Choose "New | DWORD Value" Change The Entry's Name Into "NoUserNameInStartMenu", Double Click In The New Entry And Fill The "Value Data" With "1". Press OK, Exit From The Registry Editor. Restart Your Computer.

INTERNET EXPLORER LIGHTING-FAST STARTUP.
Isn't it annoying when you want to go to a new website, or any other site but your homepage, and you have to wait for your 'home' to load? This tweak tells Internet Explorer to simply 'run', without loading any webpages. (If you use a 'blank' page, that is still a page, and slows access. Notice the 'about:blank' in the address bar. The blank html page must still be loaded..). To load IE with 'nothing' [nothing is different than blank]:
1. Right-click on any shortcut you have to IE
[You should create a shortcut out of your desktop IE icon, and delete the original icon]
2. Click Properties
3. Add ' -nohome' [with a space before the dash] after the endquotes in the Target field.
4. Click OK
Fire up IE from your modified shortcut, and be amazed by how fast you are able to use IE!

INTERNET EXPLORER SPEED UP.
Edit your link to start Internet Explorer to have -nohome after it. For Example: "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\IEXPLORE.EXE" -nohome
This will load internet explorer very fast because it does not load a webpage while it is loading. If you want to go to your homepage after it is loaded, just click on the home button.

SPEED UP BROWSING WITH DNS CATCH.
when you connect to a web site your computer sends information back and forth, this is obvious. Some of this information deals with resolving the site name to an IP address, the stuff that tcp/ip really deals with, not words. This is DNS information and is used so that you will not need to ask for the site location each and every time you visit the site. Although WinXP and win2000 has a pretty efficient DNS cache, you can increase its overall performance by increasing its size. You can do this with the registry entries below:
************begin copy and paste***********
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters]
"CacheHashTableBucketSize"=dword:00000001
"CacheHashTableSize"=dword:00000180
"MaxCacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000fa00
"MaxSOACacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000012d
************end copy and paste***********
make a new text file and rename it to dnscache.reg. Then copy and paste the above into it and save it. Then merge it into the registry.

START IEXPLORER WITH EMPTY BLUE SCREEN.
Set your default page to about:mozilla and IE will show a nice blue screen upon startup.

SPEED UP DETAILED VIEW IN WINDOWS EXPLORER.
If you like to view your files in Windows Explorer using the "Details" view here is a tweak to speed up the listing of file attributes: Viewing files in Windows Explorer using the "Details" mode shows various attributes associated with each file shown. Some of these must be retrieved from the individual files when you click on the directory for viewing. For a directory with numerous and relatively large files (such as a folder in which one stores media, eg: *.mp3's, *.avi's etc.)

Windows Explorer lags as it reads through each one. Here's how to disable viewing of unwanted attributes and speed up file browsing:
1. Open Windows Explorer
2. Navigate to the folder which you wish to optimize.
3. In "Details" mode right click the bar at the top which displays the names of the attribute columns.
4. Uncheck any that are unwanted/unneeded.
Explorer will apply your preferences immediately, and longs lists of unnecessary attributes will not be displayed. Likewise, one may choose to display any information which is regarded as needed, getting more out of Explorer.

WEB PAGES SLOWS DOWN, FIX.
The tweak is simple. Beside the QoS and others around the Internet for the new XP OS, I found out that native drivers sometimes slow you down (cable and xDSL users). So if you have applied all tweaks and you are still having slow downs try reinstalling your NICs drivers. The difference is noticeable. My web pages now load almost instantly where they used to take even a minute!

FIX IE 6 SLOWDOWNS AND HANGS.
1. Open a command prompt window on the desktop (Start/Run/command).
2. Exit IE and Windows Explorer (iexplore.exe and explorer.exe, respectively, in Task Manager, i.e - Ctrl-Alt-Del/Task Manager/Processes/End Process for each).
3. Use the following command exactly from your command prompt window to delete the corrupt file:
C:\>del "%systemdrive%\Documents and Settings\%username%\Local
Settings\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\index.dat"
4. Restart Windows Explorer with Task Manager (Ctrl-Alt-Del/Task Manager/Applications/New Task/Browse/C:\Windows\explorer.exe[or your path]) or Shutdown/Restart the computer from Task Manager.

SPEED UP WEB BROWSING.
Iv'e personally found a dramatic increase in web browsing after clearing the Windows XP DNS cache. To clear it type the following in a command prompt: ipconfig /flushdns.

ALLOW MORE THAN 2 SIMULTANEOUS DOWNLOADS ON IEXPLORER 6.
This is to increase the the number of max downloads to 10.
1. Start Registry Editor (Regedt32.exe).
2. Locate the following key in the registry:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings
3. On the Edit menu, click Add Value , and then add the following registry values:
"MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server"=Dword:0000000a
"MaxConnectionsPerServer"=Dword:0000000a
4. Quit Registry Editor.

IPV6 INSTALLATION FOR WINDOWS XP.
This protocol is distined to replace the Internet Protocal Version 4 used by Internet Explorer it uses hexadecimal ip addresses instead of decimal example (decimal ip 62.98.231.67) (hexadecimal IP 2001:6b8:0:400::70c)
To install To install the IPv6 Protocol for Windows XP:
Log on to the computer running Windows XP with a user account that has local administrator privileges. Open a command prompt. From the Windows XP desktop, click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and then click Command Prompt. At the command prompt, type: ipv6 install
For more information on IPv6, visit the site below:

CODE: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/pro/techinfo/administration/ipv6/default.asp

ANOTHER WAY TO FIX IEXPLORER 6 SLOW PAGES LOADED.
Here's an easier way to get to index.dat file as addresse in another tweak submitted here.
1. click on Internet Explorer
2. go to to your root dir (usually C:)
3. open Documents and Settings folder
4. open "your username folder"
5. open UserData
6. **close IE if you have it open**
rename index.dat to index.old
logoff and log back on (don't need to restart) open up IE and go to a web page or site that always seemed to load slowly. It should load a lot more quickly now. NOTE. Always rename or backup .dat or other system files before deleting.

EASY WAY TO ADD THE ADMINISTRATOR USER TO THE WELCOME SCREEN.
Start the Registry Editor Go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ SOFTWARE \ Microsoft \ Windows NT \ CurrentVersion \ Winlogon \ SpecialAccounts \ UserList \
Right-click an empty space in the right pane and select New > DWORD Value Name the new value Administrator. Double-click this new value, and enter 1 as it's Value data. Close the registry editor and restart.

DRIVE ICONS.
To set the icon of any drive (hard disk, cd rom or anything else) with a letter (C:\ etc.), run REGEDIT (Start -> Run -> regedit)
Navigate to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer
If one doesn't already exist, create a new KEY called "DriveIcons". Under this key, create a new key with the letter of your drive. I.e. C for your C:\ drive.
To change the icon for that drive, create a key inside that one called DefaultIcon and set the path of (Default) to the location of your icon
eg C\DefaultIcon\ then (Default) = D:\Documents\C Drive Icon.ico
To change the name of that drive, create a key in the drive letter one (eg C\) called DefaultLabel and set the (Default) to what you want the drive to be called. This is useful if you want to assign a long name to the floppy drive.

CHANGING OEM REGISTRATIONS.
Have you used someone's new Hewlet Packard with their OEM version of Windows XP? You've seen that HP has their own icon in the Start Menu, underneath Run, that goes to their Help Site. Now, you can have your icon that does anything you want (website, program, etc) and says anything you want. Basically, you are "branding" Windows XP (Home or Pro), great for if you are a computer builder and sell them, or you just want to make Windows XP your own. It involves Regedit.
1. Start up Notepad and creat a new registry file (*.reg) and copy and paste the following into it:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}]
@="YOUR COMPANY NAME"
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\DefaultIcon]
@="YOUR ICON HERE"
00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,33,00,32,00,5c,00,68,00,70,00,6c,00,69,00,\
6e,00,6b,00,2e,00,69,00,63,00,6f,00,00,00
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\InProcServer32]
@=hex(2):25,00,53,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,52,00,6f,00,6f,00,74,00,25,\
00,5c,00,73,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,33,00,32,00,5c,00,73,00,68,00,\
64,00,6f,00,63,00,76,00,77,00,2e,00,64,00,6c,00,6c,00,00,00
"ThreadingModel"="Apartment"
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\Instance]
"CLSID"="{3f454f0e-42ae-4d7c-8ea3-328250d6e272}"
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\Instance\InitPropertyBag]
"CLSID"="{13709620-C279-11CE-A49E-444553540000}"
"method"="ShellExecute"
"Command"="YOUR TITLE HERE"
"Param1"="YOUR FUNCTION HERE"
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\shellex]
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\shellex\ContextMenuHandlers]
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\shellex\ContextMenuHandlers\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}]
@=""
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\shellex\MayChangeDefaultMenu]
@=""
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{2559a1f6-21d7-11d4-bdaf-00c04f60b9f0}\ShellFolder]
"Attributes"=dword:00000000
2. Edit where it says YOUR ICON HERE to a path to an icon (ex. c:\\icon.ico), it must be 24x24 pixels and in *.ico format. Use double back slash for path names.
3. Edit both places where it says YOUR TITLE HERE to what you want it to say in the Start Menu (ex. Elranzer Homepage).
4. Edit where it says YOUR FUNCTION here to what you want it to do when you click it, it can be anything... your website, a local HTML document, a program, a Windows funtion, whatever your imagination can provide (ex. http://www.shareordie.com).
5. Save this file as brand.reg, double-click it to enterin your information, and refresh Explorer (log off/on) to see it in the Start Menu!! This works in both Home and Professional (and probably 64-Bit Professional) Editions!

ORIGINAL WALLPAPERS.
This is more of a fun tweak than it is useful. Go to run, type regedit press ok. when that comes up go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER>Control Panel>Desktop
Now find the orginalwallpaper, right click and select modify.In the text box type the path to the file you want to be your orginal desktop wallpaper.

DELETING My eBooks AND SPECIALS FOLDER IN MY DOCUMENTS.
Click Start, then Run and type: regsvr32 /u mydocs.dll
then delete them.

DISABLE WINDOWS PICTURE AND FAX VIEWER.
By default, Windows XP opens all picture files (gif,jpg,...) with the included Windows Picture and Fax Viewer no matter what other picture viewers you have installed. To disable the Windows Picture and Fax Viewer, unregister shimgvw.dll. This can be done from command prompt: regsvr32 /u shimgvw.dll

REMOVE PAST ITEMS ICONS IN TASKBAR.
Some times When you check your TasKbar properties or when you hide or unhide icons you can see old icons from Uninstalled or old programs you dont have anymore. This Tweak will help you how to get rid of this problem Thanks to leobull of Xperience.or How To clear the Past Items or Icons list in the TaskBar, perform the following steps:
1.Open Regedit Navigate to:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\TrayNotify
2.Delete the IconStreams and PastIconsStream values
3.Open Task Manager, click the Processes tab, click Explorer.exe , and then click End Process .
4.In Task Manager, click File , click New Task , type explorer , and then click OK .

LOCKING COMPUTERS.
To lock a computer in XP, as you probably know, you press "L" while holding down "Windows Logo" key on your keyboard. However, if you would like to lock a computer remotely, for example via "Remote Administrator", you don't have this ability. What you can do instead, is to create a shortcut on remote computer's desktop where Target %windir%\System32\rundll32.exe user32.dll,LockWorkStation Start In %windir%

ADMINISTRATOR IN WELCOME SCREEN.
When you install Windows XP an Administrator Account is created (you are asked to supply an administrator password), but the "Welcome Screen" does not give you the option to log on as Administrator unless you boot up in Safe Mode.
First you must ensure that the Administrator Account is enabled:
1 open Control Panel
2 open Administrative Tools
3 open Local Security Policy
4 expand Local Policies
5 click on Security Options
6 ensure that Accounts: Administrator account status is enabled Then follow the instructions from the "Win2000 Logon Screen Tweak" ie.
1 open Control Panel
2 open User Accounts
3 click Change the way users log on or log off
4 untick Use the Welcome Screen
5 click Apply Options
You will now be able to log on to Windows XP as Administrator in Normal Mode.

BUGFIXES.
This is a strange bug in Windows XP Pro but it can and does happen to everyone. When you open the My Computer screen and your Documents folder is missing but all the other users folders are there try this tweak.
STEP 1:
START > RUN > REGEDIT > HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / Software / Microsoft / Windows / Current Version / Explorer / DocFolderPaths
Once you click the DocFolderPaths folder you should see all the user's folders.
STEP 2:
Add a new string value
Value Name: your user name
Value Data: the path to your docs folder ( ex. C:\Documents and Settings\your docs folder )
Exit Registry editor and open my computer, your docs folder should now be visable.

MOUSE POINTERS.
It seems that even without pointer precision disabled, the mouse under XP is still influenced by an acceleration curve. This is especially noticeable in games. To

completely remove mouse acceleration from XP, you will need to go into the registry and adjust the SmoothmouseXYCurve values. Here is how its done.
1. Click Start button
2. Select Run
3. Type 'regedit' in the open textbox
4. Open the tree 'HKEY_CURRENT_USER', select control panel, then select mouse
5. Right clicking, modify the SmoothMouseXCurve and SmoothMouseYCurve hexidecimal values to the following:
SmoothMouseXCurve:
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
00,a0,00,00,00,00,00,00
00,40,01,00,00,00,00,00
00,80,02,00,00,00,00,00
00,00,05,00,00,00,00,00
SmoothMouseYCurve:
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
66,a6,02,00,00,00,00,00
cd,4c,05,00,00,00,00,00
a0,99,0a,00,00,00,00,00
38,33,15,00,00,00,00,00
If done correctly, you will notice you are holding a markedly more responsive mouse.

HIDDEN WINDOWS XP ICONS.
Windows XP Pro and Home contains icons for folders and files that cannot normally be seen, you can select to view hidden files from the folder options menu, but there are still some that remain hidden.
You can set windows to view these files as normal hidden files, so that when you use the view hidden files and folders toggle from the folder options menu that these will be turned on/off along with the normal hidden files.
These files are usually system files and should not be altered/deleted unless you really know what you are doing, if you don't yet still wish to change them I might suggest that you create back-ups of your system first.
I will personally accept no responsibility for any damage caused by using this tweak. To view the hidden files you need to open up regedit, if you are not sure how to do this, select run from the start menu and type in 'regedit' without the apostrophe's. In the regedit window, expand out the groups by clicking on the '+' next to the name in the left hand column of regedit, and navigate to the below address.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER \SOFTWARE \MICROSOFT \WINDOWS \CURRENTVERSION \EXPLORER \ADVANCED
when you have clicked the advanced folder on the left pane, look down the list at the titles in the right hand pane, one of those titles is 'ShowSuperHidden'
double click the title and in the window that appears set the value to equal 1 to show the super hidden files and 0 to hide them.

XP HOME ADVANCED FILE PERMISSIONS.
This is actually an addition to my previous post entitled "Get XP Pro file security with XP Home". In the aforementioned post I outlined how to access
*Advance file Permissions* on NTFS file systems for XP Home simply by booting into *Safe Mode*, rt-clicking any file or folder, and navigating to the *Security tab*. This gives the user the ability to allow or deny read, write, execute, read & write, display contents, full-control, iheritance, and take ownership permissions, with many more options available to apply to different users and groups stored on the computer. Well, you don't have to do this in *Safe Mode* (XP Home). Although it is a little less intuitive, you can simply go to your command prompt - Start>All Programs>Accessories>Command Prompt. Now type "cacls" in the window (without the quotes). This gives you the ability to add, remove or modify file permissions on files and folders through the command prompt. Type "cacls /?" for help on different options and variables. You do not need to be in safe mode to use this so it makes it a little quicker than using the safe mode security tab GUI. Remember - this only applies to NTFS. Here also is a very useful link to find a lot of extras and tweaks straight from the horse's mouth - the Microsoft Resource Center. You will find a lot of very useful web-based extra's here, most of them left unknowing to the general public - such as, "Online Crash Analysis" - a site that looks like Windows Update but you can upload your crash "dump logs" (when you get those system or application crash error reports). Microsoft will then analyze the log file and tell you some more info about WHY the system crashed (ie. faulty hardware/software/conflicts, etc).

FLASHGET :BYPASSING 8 MAX SIMULTANEOUS JOBS.
Users of Flash get will notice that the maximum number of file splits is 8. This number can be increased by the tweak below:
1. Run regedit.
2. Navigate to [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\JetCar\JetCar\General\]
3. Right Click -> Add String Value.
4. Name as MaxSimJobs -> Set the value as what ever number you want.
After a restart you should be able to download with more file splits.

OUTLOOK EXPRESS WINDOWS TITLE TWEAKS.
Change the window title of Outlook Express to anything you want!
In regedt32 and navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Identities\{EE383506-901D-43C6-8E40-9A61901DF7CC}\Software\Microsoft\Outlook Express\5.0. Add a new string key called WindowTitle and make its value the desired window title. Then close the registry editor, and restart Outlook Express (if it's running.) Your new title now shows up in the title bar!

WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER 9.
When installing WMP 9 it leaves a watersign on your desktop. You can easily remove this with: regedit:
HKey_Local_Machine\SOFTWARE\microsoft\system certificates\CA\certificates\FEE449EE0E3965A5246F00E87FDE2A065FD89D4
HKey_Local_Machine\software\microsoft\system certificates\ROOT\certificates\2BD63D28D7BCD0E251195AEB519243C13142EBC3
Remove both lines and restart computer.

CHANGING THE WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER TITLEBAR.
This is a per-user tweak. Open RegEdit.
Browse to the following key:
HKEY_USERS\S-1-5-21-xxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx-xxxx\Software\Policies\Microsoft\WindowsMediaPlayer
(the x's will vary from computer to computer , it's the key without the "_Classes" at the end) Create the following String, "TitleBar" , the value of this will now become the TitleBar of Windows Media Player.

AUTO DELETE TEMPORARY FOLDER.
First go into gpedit.msc
Next select -> Computer Configuration/Administrative Templates/Windows Components/Terminal Services/Temporary Folder
Then right click "Do Not Delete Temp Folder Upon Exit"
Go to properties and hit disable. Now next time Windows puts a temp file in that folder it will automatically delete it when its done! Note from Forum Admin: Remember, GPEDIT (Group Policy Editor) is only available in XP Pro.

CLEANUP STARTUP ITEMS IN MSCONFIG.
Do you ever uninstall programs and they are still listed under startup items in msconfig? Personally, I found myself with 30 such items from old installs. Microsoft leaves you no way to clean up this list, but have no fear, I have figured it out for you.
1. Open MSconfig and click on the startup items tab
2. Open Regedit and naviate to HKLM/Software/Microsoft/Sharedtools/MSconfig/startupreg
3. Compare the list of registry keys under startup reg with their counterparts in msconfig.
4. Delete the keys which are no longer valid.
5. Voila! You've cleaned up msconfig.

REMOVING SERVICES DEPENDENCIES.
This will allow you to disable a service or uninstall it from your system without effecting another service that depends on it. Here's how you do it
1. After you have set your services the way you want them and you have disabled/uninstalled something that another services depends on, run "regedit"
2. Under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\find the service that will not function, do to another service being disabled/uninstall (found in ControlSet001\Services, ControlSet002\Services, and CurrentControlSet\Services)
3. Once you have found the service right-click on the string value, "DependOnService,"and modify
4. You should now see a list of services that it is dependent on. Simply delete the service that you have disabled/uninstalled
5. Restart your computer and your ready to go Disclaimer REMEMBER TO BACKUP YOU REGISTRY FIRST I'm not totaly sure if this will have any negative effects on your system. I used this method after uninstalling "Netbios over Tcpip" from my system completely, so that my Dhcp service would function and I have had NO negative effects on my system.

ANOTHER WAY TO DELETE HIDDEN DEVICES.
You can view and delete or modify hidden devices by:
1. Openning Device Manager. (I usually right-click on My Computer, select Properties, select the Hardware tab, then select Device Manager.)
2. Select View and check "Show hidden devices"
3. Hidden devices will appear below with the others and can be modified.

HOW TO GET "My Briefcase" IN WINDOWS XP.
go to C:\WINDOWS\system32\dllcache. look for a file named "syncapp".
double click it. an icon should appear on your desktop that says "My Briefcase". double click it. it will come up with this window that tells you how to use it.

TURN NUMLOCK ON AT LOGON.
NumLock does not toggle on by default (system-wide), even if you have it set in your PC's BIOS, because of XP's multi-user functionality. Guess Microsoft doesn't know everyone actually turns it on, which should be reason enough for what acts as "default"...
Anyway, you can hack the Windows Registry to change this behavior, or run a script at logon to turn NumLock on.
1. To enable NumLock through the Registry:
* Open Windows' Registry Editor (START > RUN, type "REGEDIT").
*. Navigate to HKEY_USERS\.Default\Control Panel\Keyboard.
*. Change the value for InitialKeyboardIndicators from 0 to 2.
2. To enable NumLock using a script, see this MS Knowledgebase article for complete instructions:
CODE
http://support.microsoft.com/directory/article.asp?ID=KB;EN-US;Q262625

Option 1 is the quicker method, but if you have more than one user on your system and one or more don't want NumLock on (stranger things have been known of), then option 2 is the way to go since it allows you to only attach the script to specific users.

FREE DISK SPACE BY DELETING RESTORE POINTS.
Start button-all programs-accessories-system tools-cleanup-more options. You will have the option of deleting your restore points.When your done creat one
restore point as a back up.

HOW TO REAL GET RID OF UNNECESSARY SOFTWARE
to uninstall things like msn messenger and other hidden installs thru add remove programs, do this: find sysoc.inf (you might have to enable "show hidden files" and "show hidden/protected system folders" in explorer) and open it in notepad replace all ",hide" with "," (both with out quotes) which is easiest to do with the replace all command under edit then in add/remove programs under add/remove windows compnents and whole new list of things to uninstall and add are now listed (such as internet explorer)

HAVING PROGRAMS RUN WHEN WINDOWS LOADS SLOWS DOWN YOUR STARTUP.
There are two ways do disable programs that may be in your startup (like icq, messanger,) The easiest is to do the following:
1. start --> run --> msconfig
2. Click on the "startup" tab (furthest right)\
3. Unclick any items you don't want to load when windows starts.
The second is by deleting registry entrys, this can be done the following way:
1. Start --> run --> regedit
2. Navigate to : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
3. Delete any entry's that you don't want to load up

TURN OFF INDEXING TO SPEED UP XP.
Windows XP keeps a record of all files on the hard disk so when you do a search on the hard drive it is faster. There is a downside to this and because the computer has to index all files, it will slow down normal file commands like open, close, etc. If you do not do a whole lot of searches on your hard drive then I suggest turnning this feature off:
1. Control Panel
2. Administrative Tools
3. Services
4. Disable Indexing Services

HALF LIFE AND WINDOWS XP.
1. How to recover from incompatible drivers
Before you install new drivers set a system restore point. Start>All programs>Accessories>system tools>system restore
After your new drivers don't work reset your computer. Press F8 repeatedly as soon as the BIOS screen disappears, and before the Windows XP screen appears. Select safe mode. Use system restore again to undo your mess.
2. Video Drivers
The NVidia drivers that come with XP do not allow you to run Half Life in OpenGL. Update to the newest drivers.
Despite the fact that they are not official drivers, 22.50 was the only set which worked
3. Sound Drivers
Use windows update to update Creative drivers.
4. Fixing screen flicker
Windows XP defaults to 60Hz for games. A fix is available here:
CODE
http://www.fileplanet.com/dl/dl.asp?/planetquake/ztn/nvreffix-setup.exe

Select "set: ev ery resolution to monitor's maximum supported rate"
5. Fixing lag
If you are having trouble with lag, try disabling the windows XP firewall. Go to control panel>network connections. Select connection, right click, properties, advanced, untick the firewall.
6. Mouse
You can improve your mouse smoothness for games.
Control panel>mouse>hardware>properties>advanced
Change the sample rate to a higher one, eg. 200

REGISTRY METHOD FOR REMOVING STARTUP ITEMS.
I prefer to use MSCONFIG selective startup to troubleshoot. To remove entries for good, open the registry:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RUN and HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RUN
Delete entries of unwanted startup daemons and tray procedures.

DISPLAY MESSAGE ON STARTUP.
Start regedit, if you are unfamiliar with regedit please see our FAQ.
Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon
Modify the key legalnoticecaption with what you want to name the window.
Modify the key legalnoticetext with what you want the window to say. Restart.

REMOVE THE DEFAULT IMAGE VIEWER IN WINDOWS ME/XP.
This tweak works in Windows Me/XP, I have not try it in Windows NT/2000 yet, because i don't have that OS, you can try it if you have.
*This tweak does not work in Windows 95/98
To remove the Windows default Image Viewer, first:
Click Start Menu
Select Run menu
Type "cmd", (for Windows Me, type "command")
Then type "regsvr32 /u shimgvw.dll" to unregister this dll. This will stop it from previewing any picture that it support, e.g. JPEG, Bitmap, GIF....
* Before perform this tweak, make sure that you have the alternative Image Viewer installed in you windows e.g. ACDsee, FireGraphics... because once you do this tweak without that application, you can't open and view your image anymore! So, to undo it, type "regsvr32 shimgvw.dll" in command prompt.

SPEED UP BOOT BY DISABLING UNUSED PORTS.
You may have tried many tweaks like modifying windowsXP start-up applications, prefetches, unload DLLs method,etc. And yes those methods do work for me.
I have just accidentally found out another way to give you an extra boost in windowsXP's boot performance. This is done by disabling your unused devices in
Device Manager. for example, if you don't have input devices that are connected to one of your USBs or COM ports, disabling them will give you an extra perfromance boost in booting. Go to Control Panel -> System -> Hardware tab -> device manager Disable devices that you don't use for your PC and then restart.

CLEAR UNWANTED ENTRIES FROM ADD/REMOVE PROGRAMS.
Run the Registry Editor (REGEDIT).
Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Uninstall Remove any unwanted keys under "Uninstall."

CLICKING * .AVI FILES ON EXPLORER CAUSING 100% CPU USAGE.
Well windows seem to have a REALLY big problem when it comes to reading AVI files. It seems that when you click on an AVI file in explorer, it'll try to read the entire AVI file to determine the width,height, etc. of the AVI file (this is displayed in the Properties window). Now the problem with Windows is that if you have a broken/not fully downloaded AVI file that doesnt contain this info, Windows will scan the entire AVI file trying to figure out all these properties which in the process will probably cause 100% CPU usage and heavy memory usage. To solve this problem all you have to do is the following:
1. Open up regedit
2. Goto HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\SystemFileAssociations\.avi\shellex\PropertyHandler
3. Delete the "Default" value which should be "{87D62D94-71B3-4b9a-9489-5FE6850DC73E}"
Voila! Please not that this will no longer provide you with the windows properties displaying the AVI file information such as width, height, bitrate etc. But its a small price to pay for saving you resources.
NOTE: Please use caution when using regedit. Improper usage may cause windows to behave imcorrectly. Also, I cannot be held resposible. Backup your registry first.

CD ROM STOPS AUTOPLAYING/AUTORUN.
And the AutoPlay Tab has disappeared in My Computer, Devices With Removable Storage, Right Click on CDROM, Properties.
Solution: The service: "Shell Hardware Detection" has been set to Manual or Disabled. Go to Control Panel, Administrative Tools, Services. Return this service to "Automatic".

SHUTDOWN XP FASTER 1.
Like previous versions of windows, it takes long time to restart or shutdown windows xp when the "Exit Windows" sound is enabled. to solve this problem you
must disable this useless sound. click start button then go to settings -> control panel -> Sound,Speech and Audio devices -> Sounds and Audio Devices -> Sounds, then under program events and windows menu click on "Exit Windows" sub-menu and highlight it.now from sounds you can select,choose "none" and then click apply and ok. now you can see some improvements when shutting down your system.

SHUTDOWN XP FASTER 2.
Start Regedit.
Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control.
Click on the "Control" Folder.
Select "WaitToKillServiceTimeout"
Right click on it and select Modify.
Set it a value lower than 2000 (Mine is set to 200).

EASIEST WAY TO DELETE PREFETCH.
1. Open notepad.exe, type del c:\windows\prefetch\*.* /q (without the quotes) & save as "delprefetch.bat" in c:\
2. From the Start menu, select "Run..." & type "gpedit.msc".
3. Double click "Windows Settings" under "Computer Configuration" and double click again on "Startup" in the right window.
4. In the new window, click "add", "Browse", locate your "delprefetch.bat" file & click "Open".
5. Click "OK", "Apply" & "OK" once again to exit.
6. Reboot your computer.

SPEED UP MENU DISPLAY.
When using the start menu the you will notice a delay between different tiers of the menu hierarchy. For the fastest computer experience possible I recommend changing this value to zero. This will allow the different tiers to appear instantly. Start Regedit. If you are unfamiliar with regedit please refer to our FAQ on how to get started.
Navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop
Select MenuShowDelay from the list on the right.
Right on it and select Modify.
Change the value to 0.
Reboot your computer.

16 COLOUR ICONS.
If you select 16bit mode for graphics your icons will revert to using 8bit (16 color) icons. Yuck! Change the following registry setting to:
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop\WindowMetrics] "Shell Icon BPP"="16" "Shell Icon Size"="32" Setting the BPP to 16bit will yield 65565 colors for icons.

DE-CRYPT ENCRYPTED FILES ON WINDOWS XP.
1. Login as Administrator
2. Go to Start/Run and type in cmd and click OK.
At the prompt type cipher /r:Eagent and press enter
This prompt will then display:
Please type in the password to protect your .PFX file:
Type in your Administrator password
Re-confirm your Administrator password
The prompt will then display
Your .CER file was created successfully.
Your .PFX file was created successfully.
The Eagent.cer and Eagent.pfx files will be saved in the current directory that is shown at the command prompt. Example: The command prompt displays
C:\Documents and Settings\admin> the two files are saved in the admin folder. (For security concerns, you should house the two files in your Administrator folder or on a floppy disk).
3. Go to Start/Run and type in certmgr.msc and click OK. This will launch the Certificates Manager. Navigate to Personal and right click on the folder and select All Tasks/Import. The Certificate Import Wizard will appear. Click Next. Browse to the C:\Documents and Settings\admin folder. In the Open dialog box, change the Files of Type (at the bottom) to personal Information Exchange (*.pfx,*.P12). Select the file Eagent.pfx and click Open. Click Next. Type in your Administrator password (leave the two checkboxes blank) and click Next. Make sure the Radio button is active for the first option (Automatically select the certificate store based on the type of certifcate). Click Next. Click Finish. (You'll receive a message that the import was successful). To confirm the import, close Certificates Manager and re-open it. Expand the Personal folder and you will see a new subfolder labeled Certificates. Expand that folder and you will see the new entry in the right side column. Close Certificate Manager.
4. Go to Start/Run and type in secpol.msc and click OK. This will launch the Local Security Policy. Expand the Public Key Policies folder and then right click on the Encrypted File System subfolder and select Add Data Recovery Agent... The Wizard will then display. Click Next. Click the Browse Folders... button. Browse to the C:\Documents and Settings\admin folder. Select the Eagent.cer file and click Open. (The wizard will display the status User_Unknown. That's ok). Click Next. Click Finish. You will see a new entry in the right side column. Close the Local Security Policy.
You, the Administrator are now configured as the default Recovery Agent for All Encrypted files on the Local Machine.
To Recover Encrypted files: Scenario #1
If you have completed the above steps BEFORE an existing user encrypted his/her files, you can log in to your Administrator account and navigate to the encrypted file(s). Double click on the file(s) to view the contents.
Scenario #2
If you have completed the above steps AFTER an existing user has already encrypted his/her files, you must login to the applicable User's User Account and then immediately logout. Next, login to your Administrator account and navigate to the encrypted file(s). Double click on the file(s) to view the contents.
*Warning Do not Delete or Rename a User's account from which will want to Recover the Encrypted Files. You will not be able to de-crypt the files using the steps outlined above.

DUMP FILES TWEAK & DISABLE DR.WATSON.
"Dump file. A dump file stores data from memory during a system crash and can be helpful when diagnosing problems, but like a swap file, it can also expose a lot of sensitive, unencrypted data. To prevent Windows from creating the file, go to Control Panel | System. Click on the Advanced tab and then the Settings button on the Startup and Recovery pane. Set the drop-down menu under Write debugging information to (none). "Similarly, the debugging program Dr. Watson saves information when applications crash. To disable it, go to:
HKEY_local_machine\software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\ AeDebug and set the Auto string to 0. Then use Windows Explorer to go to Documents and Settings\All Users\Shared Documents\DrWatson. Delete User.dmp and Drwtsn32.log, the insecure logs the program creates." Heed related advice from 'microsoft' regarding 'Disable Dr.Watson' first before the preceding Dr. Watson advice (go Google search.) Back up with System Restore, and go ahead. As cautious as I am, I have gladly applied these tweaks, and followed related microsot advice on Dr. Watson.

Precaution: Backups All Of Your Data Before Tweaking, Not All Of The Tips I've Mentioned Above Were Tested. I Don't Responsible For Any Damages. Happy Experiments

Binod Narayan Sethi

Binod Narayan Sethi
Binod Narayan Sethi

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